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Individualized treatment rules can lead to better health outcomes when patients have heterogeneous responses to treatment. Very few individualized treatment rule estimation methods are compatible with a multi-treatment observational study…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2019-11-14 Owen E. Leete , Nathan Kallus , Michael G. Hudgens , Sonia Napravnik , Michael R. Kosorok

Optimizing survival outcomes, such as patient survival or customer retention, is a critical objective in data-driven decision-making. Off-Policy Evaluation~(OPE) provides a powerful framework for assessing such decision-making policies…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2026-03-25 Kohsuke Kubota , Mitsuhiro Takahashi , Yuta Saito

Off-policy evaluation (OPE) is one of the most fundamental problems in reinforcement learning (RL) to estimate the expected long-term payoff of a given target policy with only experiences from another behavior policy that is potentially…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-24 Yang Hu , Tianyi Chen , Na Li , Kai Wang , Bo Dai

Off-policy estimation for long-horizon problems is important in many real-life applications such as healthcare and robotics, where high-fidelity simulators may not be available and on-policy evaluation is expensive or impossible. Recently,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-03-26 Ali Mousavi , Lihong Li , Qiang Liu , Denny Zhou

We study the novel problem of future off-policy evaluation (F-OPE) and learning (F-OPL) for estimating and optimizing the future value of policies in non-stationary environments, where distributions vary over time. In e-commerce…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-26 Tatsuhiro Shimizu , Kazuki Kawamura , Takanori Muroi , Yusuke Narita , Kei Tateno , Takuma Udagawa , Yuta Saito

In applying reinforcement learning (RL) to high-stakes domains, quantitative and qualitative evaluation using observational data can help practitioners understand the generalization performance of new policies. However, this type of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-27 Shengpu Tang , Jenna Wiens

Reinforcement learning (RL) has the potential to transform real-world decision-making systems by enabling autonomous agents to learn from experience. Deploying RL in real-world settings, especially in the context of human-robot interaction,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-04 Saurav Singh , Rodney Sanchez , Alexander Ororbia , Jamison Heard

Offline reinforcement learning enables agents to leverage large pre-collected datasets of environment transitions to learn control policies, circumventing the need for potentially expensive or unsafe online data collection. Significant…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-03-17 Cong Lu , Philip J. Ball , Jack Parker-Holder , Michael A. Osborne , Stephen J. Roberts

Unbiased recommender learning (URL) and off-policy evaluation/learning (OPE/L) techniques are effective in addressing the data bias caused by display position and logging policies, thereby consistently improving the performance of…

机器学习 · 统计学 2025-02-14 Tatsuki Takahashi , Chihiro Maru , Hiroko Shoji

Off-policy evaluation often refers to two related tasks: estimating the expected return of a policy and estimating its value function (or other functions of interest, such as density ratios). While recent works on marginalized importance…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-10-28 Audrey Huang , Nan Jiang

Knowledge Representation is important issue in reinforcement learning. In this paper, we bridge the gap between reinforcement learning and knowledge representation, by providing a rich knowledge representation framework, based on normal…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2010-12-08 Emad Saad

Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms are often categorized as either on-policy or off-policy depending on whether they use data from a target policy of interest or from a different behavior policy. In this paper, we study a subtle…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-10-12 Rujie Zhong , Duohan Zhang , Lukas Schäfer , Stefano V. Albrecht , Josiah P. Hanna

We consider a personalized pricing problem in which we have data consisting of feature information, historical pricing decisions, and binary realized demand. The goal is to perform off-policy evaluation for a new personalized pricing policy…

机器学习 · 统计学 2023-02-27 Adam N. Elmachtoub , Vishal Gupta , Yunfan Zhao

This paper studies the statistical theory of batch data reinforcement learning with function approximation. Consider the off-policy evaluation problem, which is to estimate the cumulative value of a new target policy from logged history…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-02-25 Yaqi Duan , Mengdi Wang

Off-Policy Evaluation (OPE) serves as one of the cornerstones in Reinforcement Learning (RL). Fitted Q Evaluation (FQE) with various function approximators, especially deep neural networks, has gained practical success. While statistical…

机器学习 · 统计学 2022-02-11 Ruiqi Zhang , Xuezhou Zhang , Chengzhuo Ni , Mengdi Wang

We resolve the open question regarding the sample complexity of policy learning for maximizing the long-run average reward associated with a uniformly ergodic Markov decision process (MDP), assuming a generative model. In this context, the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-14 Shengbo Wang , Jose Blanchet , Peter Glynn

Decision-making in personalized medicine such as cancer therapy or critical care must often make choices for dosage combinations, i.e., multiple continuous treatments. Existing work for this task has modeled the effect of multiple…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-30 Jonas Schweisthal , Dennis Frauen , Valentyn Melnychuk , Stefan Feuerriegel

Off-policy learning in dynamic decision problems is essential for providing strong evidence that a new policy is better than the one in use. But how can we prove superiority without testing the new policy? To answer this question, we…

机器学习 · 统计学 2015-02-12 Assaf Hallak , François Schnitzler , Timothy Mann , Shie Mannor

We present a parameter estimation method for nonlinear mixed effect models based on ordinary differential equations (NLME-ODEs). The method presented here aims at regularizing the estimation problem in presence of model misspecifications,…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2021-02-24 Quentin Clairon , Chloé Pasin , Irene Balelli , Rodolphe Thiébaut , Mélanie Prague

This paper addresses a fundamental issue central to approximation methods for solving large Markov decision processes (MDPs): how to automatically learn the underlying representation for value function approximation? A novel theoretically…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2012-07-09 Sridhar Mahadevan