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Microcontroller-based IoT devices often use embedded real-time operating systems (RTOSs). Vulnerabilities in these embedded RTOSs can lead to compromises of those IoT devices. Despite the significance of security protections, the absence of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-04-29 Xinhui Shao , Zhen Ling , Yue Zhang , Huaiyu Yan , Yumeng Wei , Lan Luo , Zixia Liu , Junzhou Luo , Xinwen Fu

Recently, deep neural networks (DNNs) have been deployed in safety-critical systems such as autonomous vehicles and medical devices. Shortly after that, the vulnerability of DNNs were revealed by stealthy adversarial examples where crafted…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-12-28 Behnam Ghavami , Seyd Movi , Zhenman Fang , Lesley Shannon

We will discuss the RowHammer problem in DRAM, which is a prime (and likely the first) example of how a circuit-level failure mechanism in Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM) can cause a practical and widespread system security…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-03-28 Onur Mutlu

Security-critical tasks require proper isolation from untrusted software. Chip manufacturers design and include trusted execution environments (TEEs) in their processors to secure these tasks. The integrity and security of the software in…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2017-07-19 Yue Chen , Yulong Zhang , Zhi Wang , Tao Wei

Civilian-GNSS is vulnerable to signal spoofing attacks, and countermeasures based on cryptographic authentication are being proposed to protect against these attacks. Both Galileo and GPS are currently testing broadcast authentication…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-11-03 Maryam Motallebighomi , Harshad Sathaye , Mridula Singh , Aanjhan Ranganathan

The security of logic locking has been called into question by various attacks, especially a Boolean satisfiability (SAT) based attack, that exploits scan access in a working chip. Among other techniques, a robust design-for-security (DFS)…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-06-20 Nimisha Limaye , Abhrajit Sengupta , Mohammed Nabeel , Ozgur Sinanoglu

As generative models achieve great success, tampering and modifying the sensitive image contents (i.e., human faces, artist signatures, commercial logos, etc.) have induced a significant threat with social impact. The backdoor attack is a…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-10-22 Haichuan Zhang , Meiyu Lin , Zhaoyi Liu , Renyuan Li , Zhiyuan Cheng , Carl Yang , Mingjie Tang

The security of modern electronic devices relies on secret keys stored on secure hardware modules as the root-of-trust (RoT). Extracting those keys would break the security of the entire system. As shown before, sophisticated side-channel…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-02-24 Thilo Krachenfels , Tuba Kiyan , Shahin Tajik , Jean-Pierre Seifert

This retrospective paper describes the RowHammer problem in Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), which was initially introduced by Kim et al. at the ISCA 2014 conference~\cite{rowhammer-isca2014}. RowHammer is a prime (and perhaps the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-04-23 Onur Mutlu , Jeremie S. Kim

To gather a significant quantity of annotated training data for high-performance image classification models, numerous companies opt to enlist third-party providers to label their unlabeled data. This practice is widely regarded as secure,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Dazhong Rong , Guoyao Yu , Shuheng Shen , Xinyi Fu , Peng Qian , Jianhai Chen , Qinming He , Xing Fu , Weiqiang Wang

As part of the revelations about the NSA activities, the notion of interdiction has become known to the public: the interception of deliveries to manipulate hardware in a way that backdoors are introduced. Manipulations can occur on the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-10-03 Pawel Swierczynski , Marc Fyrbiak , Philipp Koppe , Amir Moradi , Christof Paar

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to backdoor attacks. The backdoor adversaries intend to maliciously control the predictions of attacked DNNs by injecting hidden backdoors that can be activated by adversary-specified trigger…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-03-07 Tong Xu , Yiming Li , Yong Jiang , Shu-Tao Xia

In this paper we show how attackers can covertly leak data (e.g., encryption keys, passwords and files) from highly secure or air-gapped networks via the row of status LEDs that exists in networking equipment such as LAN switches and…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2017-06-06 Mordechai Guri , Boris Zadov , Andrey Daidakulov , Yuval Elovici

Negative-Bias Temperature Instability is a dominant aging mechanism in nanoscale CMOS circuits such as microprocessors. With this aging mechanism, the rate of device aging is dependent not only on overall operating conditions, such as heat,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-08-26 Joshua Mashburn , Johann Knechtel , Florian Klemme , Hussam Amrouch , Ozgur Sinanoglu , Paul V. Gratz

While supervised deep neural networks (DNNs) have proven effective for device authentication via radio frequency (RF) fingerprinting, they are hindered by domain shift issues and the scarcity of labeled data. The success of large language…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-05 Tianya Zhao , Ningning Wang , Junqing Zhang , Xuyu Wang

The development process of microcontroller firmware often involves multiple parties. In such a scenario, the Intellectual Property (IP) is not protected against adversarial developers which have unrestricted access to the firmware binary.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-09-13 Marc Schink , Johannes Obermaier

The success of DNNs has driven the extensive applications of person re-identification (ReID) into a new era. However, whether ReID inherits the vulnerability of DNNs remains unexplored. To examine the robustness of ReID systems is rather…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-04-10 Hongjun Wang , Guangrun Wang , Ya Li , Dongyu Zhang , Liang Lin

State-of-the-art deep neural networks (DNNs) have been proven to be vulnerable to adversarial manipulation and backdoor attacks. Backdoored models deviate from expected behavior on inputs with predefined triggers while retaining performance…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-04-17 M. Caner Tol , Saad Islam , Andrew J. Adiletta , Berk Sunar , Ziming Zhang

Despite the great achievements of deep neural networks (DNNs), the vulnerability of state-of-the-art DNNs raises security concerns of DNNs in many application domains requiring high reliability.We propose the fault sneaking attack on DNNs,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-08 Pu Zhao , Siyue Wang , Cheng Gongye , Yanzhi Wang , Yunsi Fei , Xue Lin

Voltage fault injection (FI) is a well-known attack technique that can be used to force faulty behavior in processors during their operation. Glitching the supply voltage can cause data value corruption, skip security checks, or enable…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-08-17 Otto Bittner , Thilo Krachenfels , Andreas Galauner , Jean-Pierre Seifert