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Energy meters need to be calibrated for use in Measurement and Verification (M&V) projects. However, calibration can be prohibitively expensive and affect project feasibility negatively. This study presents a novel low-cost in-situ meter…

Building's energy consumption prediction is a major concern in the recent years and many efforts have been achieved in order to improve the energy management of buildings. In particular, the prediction of energy consumption in building is…

The automotive industry is under growing pressure to reduce its environmental impact, requiring accurate predictive modeling to support sustainable engineering design. This study examines the factors that determine vehicle fuel consumption…

The escalating complexity of System-on-Chip (SoC) designs has created a bottleneck in verification, with traditional techniques struggling to achieve complete coverage. Existing techniques, such as Constrained Random Verification (CRV) and…

We describe verification techniques for embedded memory systems using efficient memory modeling (EMM), without explicitly modeling each memory bit. We extend our previously proposed approach of EMM in Bounded Model Checking (BMC) for a…

A fundamental step in the development of machine learning models commonly involves the tuning of hyperparameters, often leading to multiple model training runs to work out the best-performing configuration. As machine learning tasks and…

The rising energy demands of machine learning (ML), e.g., implemented in popular variants like retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems, have raised significant concerns about their environmental sustainability. While previous research…

Monitoring, understanding, and optimizing the energy consumption of Machine Learning (ML) are various reasons why it is necessary to evaluate the energy usage of ML. However, there exists no universal tool that can answer this question for…

A cross-benchmark has been done on three critical aspects, data imputing, feature selection and regression algorithms, for machine learning based chemical vapor deposition (CVD) virtual metrology (VM). The result reveals that linear feature…

Rapid adoption of machine learning (ML) technologies has led to a surge in power consumption across diverse systems, from tiny IoT devices to massive datacenter clusters. Benchmarking the energy efficiency of these systems is crucial for…

The reliability of machine learning (ML) software systems is heavily influenced by changes in data over time. For that reason, ML systems require regular maintenance, typically based on model retraining. However, retraining requires…

ML-enabled systems that are deployed in a production environment typically suffer from decaying model prediction quality through concept drift, i.e., a gradual change in the statistical characteristics of a certain real-world domain. To…

This paper presents an approach for the implementation and execution of an effective requirements generation process. We achieve this goal by providing a well-defined requirements engineering model that includes verification and validation…

Concerns about the environmental footprint of machine learning are increasing. While studies of energy use and emissions of ML models are a growing subfield, most ML researchers and developers still do not incorporate energy measurement as…

Computing-in-Memory (CiM) architectures aim to reduce costly data transfers by performing arithmetic and logic operations in memory and hence relieve the pressure due to the memory wall. However, determining whether a given workload can…

Buildings sector is one of the major consumers of energy in the United States. The buildings HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) systems, whose functionality is to maintain thermal comfort and indoor air quality (IAQ), account…

Energy consumption in buildings, both residential and commercial, accounts for approximately 40% of all energy usage in the U.S., and similar numbers are being reported from countries around the world. This significant amount of energy is…

Machine learning (ML) - based software systems are rapidly gaining adoption across various domains, making it increasingly essential to ensure they perform as intended. This report presents best practices for the Test and Evaluation (T&E)…

Designing reliable integrated energy systems for industrial processes requires optimization and verification models across multiple fidelities, from architecture-level sizing to high-fidelity dynamic operation. However, model mismatch…

Power consumption costs takes upto half of operational expenses of datacenters making power management a critical concern. Advances in processor technology provide fine-grained control over operating frequency and voltage of processors and…