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Quantum spin liquids (QSLs) host exotic fractionalized magnetic and gauge-field excitations whose microscopic origins and experimental verification remain frustratingly elusive. In the absence of static magnetic order, the spin excitation…

强关联电子 · 物理学 2026-03-31 Jiahang Hu , Runze Chi , Yibin Guo , B. Normand , Hai-Jun Liao , T. Xiang

Quantum Spin Liquids (QSLs) are phases of interacting spins that do not order even at the absolute zero temperature, making it impossible to characterize them by a local order parameter. In this article, we review the unique view provided…

强关联电子 · 物理学 2013-02-06 Tarun Grover , Yi Zhang , Ashvin Vishwanath

Spin-$1/2$ kagome antiferromagnets are leading candidates for realizing quantum spin liquid (QSL) ground states. While QSL ground states are predicted for the pure Heisenberg model, understanding the robustness of the QSL to additional…

The nontrivialness of quantum spin liquid (QSL) typically manifests in the non-local observables that signifies their existence, however, this fact actually casts shadow on detecting QSL with experimentally accessible probes. Here, we…

强关联电子 · 物理学 2018-08-22 Guang Yu Sun , Yan-Cheng Wang , Chen Fang , Yang Qi , Meng Cheng , Zi Yang Meng

Quantum spin liquids (QSL) are phases of matter which are distinguished not by the symmetries they break, but rather by the patterns of entanglement within them. Although these entanglement properties have been widely discussed for ground…

强关联电子 · 物理学 2026-02-10 Snigdh Sabharwal , Matthias Gohlke , Paul Skrzypczyk , Nic Shannon

Quantum spin liquid (QSL) represents a new class of condensed matter states characterized by the long-range many-body entanglement of topological orders. The most prominent feature of the elusive QSL state is the existence of fractionalized…

Quantum spin liquids (QSLs) are long-range entangled phases of frustrated magnets exhibiting fractionalized spin excitations. In two dimensions, there is limited analytical understanding of their excitation spectra beyond parton mean-field…

强关联电子 · 物理学 2025-08-01 Josef Willsher , Johannes Knolle

The kagome lattice, with its unique geometric structure, has emerged as a leading platform for exploring quantum many-body physics, particularly in the study of quantum spin liquids (QSLs) and unconventional superconductivity. This review…

强关联电子 · 物理学 2025-12-19 Li-Wei He , Shun-Li Yu , Jian-Xin Li

Pursuing fractionalized particles that do not bear properties of conventional measurable objects, exemplified by bare particles in the vacuum such as electrons and elementary excitations such as magnons, is a challenge in physics. Here we…

强关联电子 · 物理学 2021-08-17 Yusuke Nomura , Masatoshi Imada

A quantum spin liquid (QSL) is an exotic quantum state of matter characterized by fluctuating spins which may exhibit long-range entanglement. Among the possible host candidates for a QSL ground state, the $S$=1/2 kagome lattice…

The search for exotic quantum spin liquid states in simple yet realistic spin models remains a central challenge in the field of frustrated quantum magnetism. Here we consider the canonical nearest-neighbor kagome Heisenberg antiferromagnet…

强关联电子 · 物理学 2018-08-29 Amir M-Aghaei , Bela Bauer , Kirill Shtengel , Ryan V. Mishmash

Quantum spin liquid (QSL) has become an exciting topic in interacting spin systems that do not order magnetically down to the lowest experimentally accessible temperature; however, conclusive experimental evidence remains lacking. Motivated…

强关联电子 · 物理学 2023-10-26 Saikat Banerjee , Wei Zhu , Shi-Zeng Lin

Quantum spin liquids (QSLs) host emergent, fractionalized fermionic excitations that are charge-neutral. Identifying clear experimental signatures of these excitations remains a central challenge in the field of strongly correlated systems,…

强关联电子 · 物理学 2025-12-04 Penghao Zhu , Archisman Panigrahi , Leonid Levitov , Nandini Trivedi

A quantum spin liquid (QSL) is a novel phase of matter with long-range entanglement where localized spins are highly correlated with the vanishing of magnetic order. Such exotic quantum states provide the opportunities to develop new…

强关联电子 · 物理学 2022-09-21 Wen-Yuan Liu , Juraj Hasik , Shou-Shu Gong , Didier Poilblanc , Wei-Qiang Chen , Zheng-Cheng Gu

Finding distinct signatures of a quantum spin liquid (QSL) is an ongoing quest in condensed matter physics, invariably complicated by the presence of disorder in real materials. In this regard the 2D Kagome system…

Quantum spin liquids (QSLs) represent an exotic quantum many-body state characterized by the suppression of long-range magnetic order due to strong quantum fluctuations. The kagome spin-1/2 antiferromagnet (AFM) is a prime candidate for…

强关联电子 · 物理学 2024-07-24 S. Suetsugu , T. Asaba , S. Ikemori , Y. Sekino , Y. Kasahara , K. Totsuka , B. Li , Y. Zhao , Y. Li , Y. Kohama , Y. Matsuda

The main question we address is how to probe the fractionalized excitations of a quantum spin liquid (QSL), for example, in the Kitaev honeycomb model. By analyzing the energy spectrum and entanglement entropy, for antiferromagnetic…

强关联电子 · 物理学 2019-05-08 David C. Ronquillo , Adu Vengal , Nandini Trivedi

Fractionalized excitations develop in many unusual many-body states such as quantum spin liquids, disordered phases that cannot be described using any local order parameter. Because these exotic excitations correspond to emergent degrees of…

强关联电子 · 物理学 2020-06-17 Wen-Jun Hu , Yi Zhang , Andriy H. Nevidomskyy , Elbio Dagotto , Qimiao Si , Hsin-Hua Lai

Condensed matter exhibits a wide variety of exotic emergent phenomena such as the fractional quantum Hall effect and the low temperature cooperative behavior of highly frustrated magnets. I consider the classical Hamiltonian dynamics of…

强关联电子 · 物理学 2015-05-27 Michael J. Lawler

Inspired by the recent discovery of a new instability towards a chiral phase of the classical Heisenberg model on the kagome lattice, we propose a specific chiral spin liquid that reconciles different, well-established results concerning…

强关联电子 · 物理学 2012-06-06 Laura Messio , Bernard Bernu , Claire Lhuillier
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