相关论文: Hidden momentum of electrons, nuclei, atoms and mo…
By using perturbation theory, we show that a hydrogen atom with magnetic moment due to the orbital angular momentum of the electron has "hidden momentum" in the presence of an external electric field. This means that the atomic electronic…
Hidden momentum is a puzzling phenomenon associated with magnetic dipoles and other extended relativistic systems. We point out that the origin of hidden momentum lies in the effective change of individual particle masses of a composite…
In 1967 Shockley and James addressed the situation of a magnet in an electric field. The magnet is at rest and contains electromagnetic momentum, but there was no obvious mechanical momentum to balance this for momentum conservation. They…
Using a position operator obtained for spin 1 particles by the present author and Wigner, we obtain a quantum relativistic result for the hidden momentum force experienced by particles with structure. In particular, our result applies to…
A very simple system like a parallel-plate capacitor reveals striking features when we examine the peculiar phenomena appearing when it is moving at low speed in different directions. Both hidden momentum and hidden energy appear and their…
The Lorentz force law of classical electrodynamics requires the introduction of hidden energy and hidden momentum in situations where an electric field acts on a magnetic material. In contrast, the Einstein-Laub formulation does not invoke…
The origin of electromagnetic momentum for general static charge-current distributions is examined. The electromagnetic momentum for static electromagnetic fields is derived by implementing conservation of momentum for the sum of mechanical…
A new force on the magnetic dipole, which exists in the presence of both electric and magnetic fields, is described. Its origin due to the `hidden momentum', implications and possible experimental tests are discussed.
That static electric and magnetic fields can store momentum may be perplexing, but is necessary to ensure total conservation of momentum. Simple situations in which such field momentum is transferred to nearby bodies and point charges have…
It is shown, within classical mechanics, that the field of an electromagnetic vortex is capable of capturing and guiding neutral molecules endowed with a permanent electric dipole moment (PEDM). Similarly as in the case of the magnetic…
In their recent paper, Kholmetskii, Missevitch, and Yarman "reanalyze the usual classical derivation of spin-orbit coupling in hydrogenlike atoms" and find a result "in qualitative agreement with the solution of the Dirac-Coulomb equation…
In the recent years there was published some papers in which the photons are represented as electromagnetic solitons [1,2,3]. All particles - solitons - represent some electromagnetic field restricted in a very small volume, length,…
We use an extended version of electrodynamics, which admits the existence of magnetic charges and currents, to discuss how different models for electric and magnetic dipoles do or do not carry hidden momentum under the influence of external…
For more than half a century, nucleons are considered to move continuously in the nuclei. Recent electron-scattering experiments indicate about 20$\sim$25\% nucleons in heavier nuclei are involved in the neutron-proton short-range…
At electromagnetic interactions of particles there arises defect of masses, i.e. the energy is liberated since the particles of the different charges are attracted. It is shown that this change of the effective mass of a particle in the…
A stationary magnetic dipole immersed in an electric field carries "hidden" mechanical momentum. However, the fate of this momentum if the fields are turned off is unclear. We consider a charge-and-dipole hidden momentum configuration, and…
As an illustration of the concept of "hidden" mechanical momentum, we consider a coaxial cable one end of which is connected to a battery and the other to a load resistor. The nonzero electromagnetic momentum of this configuration is…
The behavior of spinning particles in the stationary homogeneous electric field is considered and trajectories are found for various spin orientations. We study the acceleration of spinning particles by an electric field, as well as the…
According to the Schiff theorem, an external electric field vanishes at atomic nucleus in a neutral atom in a stationary state, i.e. it is completely shielded by electrons. This makes a nuclear electric dipole moment (EDM) unobservable. We…
Electronic coherences are key to understanding and controlling photo-induced molecular transformations. We identify a crucial quantum-mechanical feature of electron-nuclear correlation, the projected nuclear quantum momenta, essential to…