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When modeling infrared or gamma-ray data as a linear combination of observed gas tracers, excess emission has been detected compared to expectations from known neutral and atomic gas as traced by HI and CO measurements, respectively. This…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2017-02-22 D. Paradis , K. Dobashi , T. Shimoikura , A. Kawamura , T. Onishi , Y. Fukui , J. -P. Bernard

High-velocity clouds (HVC), fast-moving ionized and neutral gas clouds found at high galactic latitudes, may play an important role in the evolution of the Milky Way. The extent of this role depends sensitively on their distances and total…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-04 N. Lehner , J. C. Howk , C. Thom , A. J. Fox , J. Tumlinson , T. M. Tripp , J. D. Meiring

We are conducting COLD GASS, a legacy survey for molecular gas in nearby galaxies. Using the IRAM 30m telescope, we measure the CO(1-0) line in a sample of ~350 nearby (D=100-200 Mpc), massive galaxies (log(M*/Msun)>10.0). The sample is…

We study the metallicity dependence of the H/H$_2$ and C$^+$/C/CO distributions in a self-regulated interstellar medium (ISM) across a broad range of metallicities ($0.1 < Z/Z_\odot < 3$). To this end, we conduct high-resolution (particle…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2021-10-20 Chia-Yu Hu , Amiel Sternberg , Ewine F. van Dishoeck

The gas at the surfaces of molecular clouds in galaxies is heated and dissociated by photons from young stars both near and far. HI resulting from the dissociation of molecular hydrogen H2 emits hyperfine line emission at 21 cm, and warmed…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-10 Ronald J. Allen , Harold I. Heaton , Michael J. Kaufman

We used archival data acquired with the Copernicus satellite to reexamine CO column densities because self-consistent oscillator strengths are now available. Our focus is on lines of sight containing modest amounts of molecular species. Our…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2014-10-13 T. Crenny , S. R. Federman

The shape of the cold interstellar molecular gas is determined by several processes, including self-gravity, tidal force, turbulence, magnetic field, and galactic shear. Based on the 3D dust extinction map derived by Vergely et al., we…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2024-08-27 Yi-Heng Xie , Guang-Xing Li , Bing-Qiu Chen

We aim to develop the Orion B Giant Molecular Cloud (GMC) as a local template for interpreting extra-galactic molecular line observations. We use the wide-band receiver at the IRAM-30m to spatially and spectrally resolve the Orion B GMC.…

The most common means of converting an observed CO line intensity into a molecular gas mass requires the use of a conversion factor (Xco). While in the Milky Way this quantity does not appear to vary significantly, there is good reason to…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-30 Desika Narayanan , Mark R. Krumholz , Eve C. Ostriker , Lars Hernquist

We present high-spatial-resolution ($\sim 0\farcs2$, or $\sim$3\,pc) CO(2--1) observations of the nearest young starburst dwarf galaxy, NGC\,5253, taken with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. We have identified 118 molecular…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2018-10-10 Rie E. Miura , Daniel Espada , Akihiko Hirota , Kouichiro Nakanishi , George J. Bendo , Hajime Sugai

We analyze the line ratio of the $^{13}$CO (2-1) to $^{12}$CO (2-1) rotational transitions observed from new ALMA observations of 100 Giant Molecular Clouds (GMCs) that span the Large Magellanic Cloud. We measure a median line ratio of…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2026-05-19 Dia Kalra , Erik Rosolowsky , Adam Leroy , Remy Indebetouw

We aim to understand the contribution of the ionized, atomic and molecular phases of the ISM to the [CII] emission from clouds near the dynamical center and the BCLMP302 HII region in the north of the nearby galaxy M33 at a spatial…

The low Galactic halo is enveloped by a sheath of ionized, low-metallicity gas, which can provide a substantial (1 M_sun/yr) cooling inflow to replenish star formation in the disk. Using absorption spectra from the HST and FUSE toward 37…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2011-02-11 J. Michael Shull , Jennifer R. Jones , Charles W. Danforth , Joseph A. Collins

Line emission is strongly dependent on the local environmental conditions in which the emitting tracers reside. In this work, we focus on modelling the CO emission from simulated giant molecular clouds (GMCs), and study the variations in…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2018-02-07 Camilo H. Peñaloza , Paul C. Clark , Simon C. O. Glover , Ralf S. Klessen

As the sample of mid-inclination disks with measured CO emission surfaces grows, a fundamental unanswered question is how these vertical profiles connect to their host properties. This project aims to relate the vertical extent of…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-06-18 T. Paneque-Carreño , A. Miotello , E. F. van Dishoeck , G. Rosotti , B. Tabone

We characterise the relation between the gas and dust content of the interstellar medium towards young stellar objects in the Orion Nebula Cluster. X-ray observations provide estimates of the absorbing equivalent hydrogen column density N_H…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2016-08-31 Birgit Hasenberger , Jan Forbrich , Joao Alves , Scott Wolk , Stefan Meingast , Konstantin Getman , Ignazio Pillitteri

We present a method to simultaneously model the dust far-infrared spectral energy distribution (SED) and the total infrared $-$ carbon monoxide (CO) integrated intensity $(S_{\rm IR}-I_{\rm CO})$ relationship. The modelling employs a…

We report a CO(3-2) detection of 23 molecular clouds in the extended ultraviolet (XUV) disk of the spiral galaxy M83 with ALMA. The observed 1kpc^2 region is at about 1.24 times the optical radius (R25) of the disk, where CO(2-1) was…

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