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Proximal Policy Optimisation (PPO) is an established and effective policy gradient algorithm used for Language Model Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (LM-RLHF). PPO performs well empirically but has a heuristic motivation and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-26 Jason R Brown , Lennie Wells , Edward James Young , Sergio Bacallado

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a powerful machine learning technique that enables an intelligent agent to learn an optimal policy that maximizes the cumulative rewards in sequential decision making. Most of methods in the existing…

机器学习 · 统计学 2023-01-06 Chengchun Shi , Zhengling Qi , Jianing Wang , Fan Zhou

Entropy regularized algorithms such as Soft Q-learning and Soft Actor-Critic, recently showed state-of-the-art performance on a number of challenging reinforcement learning (RL) tasks. The regularized formulation modifies the standard RL…

机器学习 · 统计学 2019-10-15 Elena Smirnova , Elvis Dohmatob

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a framework to optimize a control policy using rewards that are revealed by the system as a response to a control action. In its standard form, RL involves a single agent that uses its policy to accomplish a…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2021-11-24 Juan Cervino , Juan Andres Bazerque , Miguel Calvo-Fullana , Alejandro Ribeiro

We propose a policy improvement algorithm for Reinforcement Learning (RL) which is called Rerouted Behavior Improvement (RBI). RBI is designed to take into account the evaluation errors of the Q-function. Such errors are common in RL when…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-07-12 Elad Sarafian , Aviv Tamar , Sarit Kraus

Reinforcement learning fine-tuning (RLFT) is a dominant paradigm for improving pretrained policies for downstream tasks. These pretrained policies, trained on large datasets, produce generations with a broad range of promising but unrefined…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-05 Jubayer Ibn Hamid , Ifdita Hasan Orney , Ellen Xu , Chelsea Finn , Dorsa Sadigh

Reinforcement learning (RL) has seen significant research and application results but often requires large amounts of training data. This paper proposes two data-efficient off-policy RL methods that use parametrized Q-learning. In these…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-04-09 J. S. van Hulst , W. P. M. H. Heemels , D. J. Antunes

Function approximation is widely used in reinforcement learning to handle the computational difficulties associated with very large state spaces. However, function approximation introduces errors which may lead to instabilities when using…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-12-15 Anna Winnicki , Joseph Lubars , Michael Livesay , R. Srikant

In goal-reaching reinforcement learning (RL), the optimal value function has a particular geometry, called quasimetric structure. This paper introduces Quasimetric Reinforcement Learning (QRL), a new RL method that utilizes quasimetric…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-11-28 Tongzhou Wang , Antonio Torralba , Phillip Isola , Amy Zhang

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms can learn complex policies to optimize agent operation over time. RL algorithms have shown promising results in solving complicated problems in recent years. However, their application on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-09-29 Hamed Khorasgani , Haiyan Wang , Chetan Gupta , Susumu Serita

We study the sample complexity of approximate policy iteration (PI) for the Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR), building on a recent line of work using LQR as a testbed to understand the limits of reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-05-31 Karl Krauth , Stephen Tu , Benjamin Recht

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has demonstrated tremendous empirical success across numerous challenging domains. However, we lack a strong theoretical understanding of the statistical complexity of RL in environments with large state spaces,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-03 Gene Li

Reinforcement learning (RL) has demonstrated its ability to solve high dimensional tasks by leveraging non-linear function approximators. However, these successes are mostly achieved by 'black-box' policies in simulated domains. When…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-11-19 Riad Akrour , Davide Tateo , Jan Peters

We consider the question of learning $Q$-function in a sample efficient manner for reinforcement learning with continuous state and action spaces under a generative model. If $Q$-function is Lipschitz continuous, then the minimal sample…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-06-12 Devavrat Shah , Dogyoon Song , Zhi Xu , Yuzhe Yang

We study computationally and statistically efficient reinforcement learning under the linear $Q^{\pi}$ realizability assumption, where any policy's $Q$-function is linear in a given state-action feature representation. Prior methods in this…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Yijing Ke , Zihan Zhang , Ruosong Wang

This paper aims to establish an entropy-regularized value-based reinforcement learning method that can ensure the monotonic improvement of policies at each policy update. Unlike previously proposed lower-bounds on policy improvement in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-08-26 Lingwei Zhu , Takamitsu Matsubara

Policy Mirror Descent (PMD) has emerged as a unifying framework in reinforcement learning (RL) by linking policy gradient methods with a first-order optimization method known as mirror descent. At its core, PMD incorporates two key…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-14 Jan Felix Kleuker , Aske Plaat , Thomas Moerland

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has demonstrated remarkable success in enhancing the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, recent studies question whether RL genuinely expands reasoning…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-04 Dayu Wang , Jiaye Yang , Weikang Li , Jiahui Liang , Yang Li

Safe reinforcement learning (RL) is a popular and versatile paradigm to learn reward-maximizing policies with safety guarantees. Previous works tend to express the safety constraints in an expectation form due to the ease of implementation,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-18 Chenglin Li , Guangchun Ruan , Hua Geng

While reinforcement learning has been increasingly applied to stochastic control, few studies have systematically examined policy-based methods in queuing environments modeled as a semi-Markov decision process (SMDP). To address this gap,…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2026-04-28 Joseph Walton , Gabriel Nicolosi