相关论文: The Gluon condensation in high energy cosmic rays
Hardening of cosmic proton- and nuclei-spectra is explained by using the gluon condensation (GC) model, which states that a large amount of gluons in proton may condense near the high energy threshold. The results present the GC-effect as…
Gluons dominate the proton behavior at high energy collisions, they can be condensed at ultra high energy. The collisions of the accelerated high energy protons with interplanetary matter in cosmic rays will produce a huge number of…
The gluon condensation effect in cosmic proton-proton collisions at high energy is used to explain an excess in the positron spectrum observed by AMS. We find that this excess may originate from the GC-effect in Tycho's supernova remnant.
Quark-gluon dynamics within protons and high-energy radiation phenomena in the universe are typically regarded as two entirely distinct fields. This paper aims to demonstrate that gluon condensation (GC) may serve as a direct bridge between…
The gluon condensation in the proton as a dynamical model is used to treat a series of unsolved puzzles in sub-TeV gamma ray spectra, they include the broken power-law of blazar's radiation, the hardening confusion of 1ES 1426+428, Mkn 501,…
A new type of gamma ray spectrum is predicted in a general hadronic framework if considering the gluon condensation effects in proton. The result presents the power-law with a sharp break in the gamma ray spectra at the TeV-band. We suggest…
Electron(positron), proton and nuclei can be accelerated to very high energy by local supernova remnants (SNR). The famous excesses of electron and proton (nuclei) potentially come from such kind of local sources. Recently, the DAMPE…
The accumulation of gluons inside nucleons, i.e., the gluon condensation, may lead to a characteristic broken power-law gamma-ray spectrum in high-energy nucleon collisions. Here we show that the observed spectra of at least 25 sources in…
We show that the behavior of the cosmic ray electron spectrum in the TeV energy band near the Earth is dominated by gluon condensation and anomalous electron/positron pair-production in Cygnus X.
Decoding the internal structure of the proton is a fundamental challenge in physics. Historically, any new discovery about the proton has fuelled advances in several scientific fields. We have reported that gluons inside the proton…
Based on the Gluon Condensation (GC) model, the relationship between the spectra of electrons, $\gamma$ rays, and neutrinos in cosmic rays can be deduced. It has been found that these particles share the same parameter, $\beta_p$, and have…
We use a newly recognized gluon distribution in the nucleon, which was predicted by a QCD evolution equation to consistently explain several intriguing phenomena associated with gamma-ray bursts. They are the GeV-TeV spectra of GRB 221009A,…
Gluons may converge to a stable state at a critical momentum in nucleon. This gluon condensation will greatly increase the proton-proton cross section provided that the collision energies exceed the gluon condensation threshold. Based on…
A hard $\gamma$-ray spectrum of supernova remnant G106.3+2.7 can be explained by using the hadronic model with the gluon condensation effect. This implies that not only PeVatrons but also EeVatrons generally exist in the universe including…
The very high energy gamma-ray emissions from pulsars are usually considered to be dominated by leptonic scenario since the hadronic flux is weak. We point out that the gluon condensation predicted by a nonlinear QCD evolution equation may…
The advent of multi-messenger astronomy has provided abundant information for understanding the acceleration and particle-production mechanisms of cosmic rays. In this work, we present a unified study of cosmic gamma-ray and neutrino…
We report that the saturation/CGC model of gluon distribution is unstable under action of the chaotic solution in a nonlinear QCD evolution equation, and it evolves to the distribution with a sharp peak at the critical momentum. We find…
We argue that gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) may be the origin of the cosmic gamma-ray background radiation observed in GeV range. It has theoretically been discussed that protons may carry a much larger amount of energy than electrons in GRBs,…
The Galactic Center Excess (GCE), one of the most remarkable discoveries by Fermi-LAT, has prompted extensive exploration over the past decade, often attributed to dark matter or millisecond pulsars. This work proposes a novel…
Gluons may converge to a stable state at a critical momentum in hadrons. This gluon condensation is predicted by a nonlinear QCD evolution equation. We review the understanding of the gluon condensation and present a clear physical picture…