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We present the first protocol allowing a classical computer to interactively verify the result of an efficient quantum computation. We achieve this by constructing a measurement protocol, which enables a classical verifier to use a quantum…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-12-11 Urmila Mahadev

Quantum computers are expected to offer substantial speedups over their classical counterparts and to solve problems that are intractable for classical computers. Beyond such practical significance, the concept of quantum computation opens…

量子物理 · 物理学 2014-11-13 Stefanie Barz , Joseph F. Fitzsimons , Elham Kashefi , Philip Walther

While building a universal quantum computer remains challenging, devices of restricted power such as the so-called one pure qubit model have attracted considerable attention. An important step in the construction of these limited quantum…

量子物理 · 物理学 2014-03-10 Theodoros Kapourniotis , Elham Kashefi , Animesh Datta

In the absence of any efficient classical schemes for verifying a universal quantum computer, the importance of limiting the required quantum resources for this task has been highlighted recently. Currently, most of efficient quantum…

量子物理 · 物理学 2015-06-24 Theodoros Kapourniotis , Vedran Dunjko , Elham Kashefi

With today's quantum processors venturing into regimes beyond the capabilities of classical devices [1-3], we face the challenge to verify that these devices perform as intended, even when we cannot check their results on classical…

We propose an efficient scheme for verifying quantum computations in the `high complexity' regime i.e. beyond the remit of classical computers. Previously proposed schemes remarkably provide confidence against arbitrarily malicious…

量子物理 · 物理学 2017-05-24 Richard Jozsa , Sergii Strelchuk

Recent advances in theoretical and experimental quantum computing bring us closer to scalable quantum computing devices. This makes the need for protocols that verify the correct functionality of quantum operations timely and has led to the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2015-08-26 Alexandru Gheorghiu , Elham Kashefi , Petros Wallden

Verifiable blind quantum computing is a secure delegated quantum computing where a client with a limited quantum technology delegates her quantum computing to a server who has a universal quantum computer. The client's privacy is protected…

量子物理 · 物理学 2016-10-12 Tomoyuki Morimae

We introduce a protocol between a classical polynomial-time verifier and a quantum polynomial-time prover that allows the verifier to securely delegate to the prover the preparation of certain single-qubit quantum states. The protocol…

量子物理 · 物理学 2019-04-15 Alexandru Gheorghiu , Thomas Vidick

With the development of delegated quantum computation, clients will want to ensure confidentiality of their data and algorithms, and the integrity of their computations. While protocols for blind and verifiable quantum computation exist,…

量子物理 · 物理学 2021-09-10 Dominik Leichtle , Luka Music , Elham Kashefi , Harold Ollivier

The importance of being able to verify quantum computation delegated to remote servers increases with recent development of quantum technologies. In some of the proposed protocols for this task, a client delegates her quantum computation to…

量子物理 · 物理学 2020-06-08 Alex B. Grilo

Verification of quantum computation is a task to efficiently check whether an output given from a quantum computer is correct. Existing verification protocols conducted between a quantum computer to be verified and a verifier necessitate…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-04-01 Yuki Takeuchi , Akihiro Mizutani

We give a new theoretical solution to a leading-edge experimental challenge, namely to the verification of quantum computations in the regime of high computational complexity. Our results are given in the language of quantum interactive…

量子物理 · 物理学 2018-06-25 Anne Broadbent

Designing quantum processors is a complex task that demands advanced verification methods to ensure their correct functionality. However, traditional methods of comprehensively verifying quantum devices, such as quantum process tomography,…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-08-04 Keren Li , Peng Yan , Hanru Jiang , Nengkun Yu

We present two verification protocols where the correctness of a "target" computation is checked by means of "trap" computations that can be efficiently simulated on a classical computer. Our protocols rely on a minimal set of noise-free…

量子物理 · 物理学 2018-08-23 Samuele Ferracin , Theodoros Kapourniotis , Animesh Datta

We present two protocols for classical verification of quantum depth. Our protocols allow a purely classical verifier to distinguish devices with different quantum circuit depths even in the presence of classical computation. We show that a…

量子物理 · 物理学 2022-05-11 Nai-Hui Chia , Shih-Han Hung

With experimental quantum computing technologies now in their infancy, the search for efficient means of testing the correctness of these quantum computations is becoming more pressing. An approach to the verification of quantum computation…

量子物理 · 物理学 2018-04-18 Alexandru Gheorghiu , Matty J. Hoban , Elham Kashefi

As progress on experimental quantum processors continues to advance, the problem of verifying the correct operation of such devices is becoming a pressing concern. The recent discovery of protocols for verifying computation performed by…

量子物理 · 物理学 2015-12-03 Michal Hajdušek , Carlos A. Pérez-Delgado , Joseph F. Fitzsimons

Delegated quantum computation enables a client with limited quantum capabilities to outsource computations to a more powerful quantum server while preserving correctness and privacy. Verification is crucial in this setting to ensure that…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-03-11 Fabian Wiesner , Anna Pappa

Quantum computers are on the brink of surpassing the capabilities of even the most powerful classical computers. This naturally raises the question of how one can trust the results of a quantum computer when they cannot be compared to…

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