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Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) undergo safety alignment to suppress harmful content. However, current defenses predominantly target explicit malicious patterns in the input representation, often overlooking the vulnerabilities…

Retrieval-Augmented Code Generation (RACG) is increasingly adopted to enhance Large Language Models for software development, yet its security implications remain dangerously underexplored. This paper conducts the first systematic…

Backdoor attacks for neural code models have gained considerable attention due to the advancement of code intelligence. However, most existing works insert triggers into task-specific data for code-related downstream tasks, thereby limiting…

To date, work on formalizing connectionist computation in a way that is at least Turing-complete has focused on recurrent architectures and developed equivalences to Turing machines or similar super-Turing models, which are of more…

Model stealing attacks present a dilemma for public machine learning APIs. To protect financial investments, companies may be forced to withhold important information about their models that could facilitate theft, including uncertainty…

Correctness is a necessary condition for systems to be effective in meeting human demands, thus playing a critical role in system development. However, correctness often manifests as a nebulous concept in practice, leading to challenges in…

Federated learning has a variety of applications in multiple domains by utilizing private training data stored on different devices. However, the aggregation process in federated learning is highly vulnerable to adversarial attacks so that…

Negative-Bias Temperature Instability is a dominant aging mechanism in nanoscale CMOS circuits such as microprocessors. With this aging mechanism, the rate of device aging is dependent not only on overall operating conditions, such as heat,…

Reverse engineering (RE) in Integrated Circuits (IC) is a process in which one will attempt to extract the internals of an IC, extract the circuit structure, and determine the gate-level information of an IC. In general, RE process can be…

Guarded recursion is a framework allowing for a formalisation of streams in classical programming languages. The latter take their semantics in cartesian closed categories. However, some programming paradigms do not take their semantics in…

Modern software systems heavily use C/C++ based libraries. Because of the weak memory model of C/C++, libraries may suffer from vulnerabilities which can expose the applications to potential attacks. For example, a very large number of…

Backdoor attacks have become a critical threat to deep neural networks (DNNs), drawing many research interests. However, most of the studied attacks employ a single type of trigger. Consequently, proposed backdoor defenders often rely on…

Deep neural networks are susceptible to \emph{adversarial} attacks. In computer vision, well-crafted perturbations to images can cause neural networks to make mistakes such as confusing a cat with a computer. Previous adversarial attacks…

The main goal of concept-oriented programming (COP) is describing how objects are represented and accessed. It makes references (object locations) first-class elements of the program responsible for many important functions which are…

In spite of intense research efforts, deep neural networks remain vulnerable to adversarial examples: an input that forces the network to confidently produce incorrect outputs. Adversarial examples are typically generated by an attack…

Nakano's later modality allows types to express that the output of a function does not immediately depend on its input, and thus that computing its fixpoint is safe. This idea, guarded recursion, has proved useful in various contexts, from…

Neural network (NN) trojaning attack is an emerging and important attack model that can broadly damage the system deployed with NN models. Existing studies have explored the outsourced training attack scenario and transfer learning attack…

We revisit occurrence typing, a technique to refine the type of variables occurring in type-cases and, thus, capturesome programming patterns used in untyped languages. Although occurrence typing was tied from its inceptionto set-theoretic…

Evaluating the effectiveness of software protection is crucial for selecting the most effective methods to safeguard assets within software applications. Obfuscation involves techniques that deliberately modify software to make it more…

Research efforts of the past fifty years have led to a development of linear integer programming as a mature discipline of mathematical optimization. Such a level of maturity has not been reached when one considers nonlinear systems subject…