相关论文: Formation of hadrons at chemical freeze-out
We argue that hadron multiplicities in central high energy nucleus-nucleus collisions are established very close to the phase boundary between hadronic and quark matter. In the hadronic picture this can be described by multi-particle…
Freeze-out conditions in Heavy Ion Collisions are generally determined by comparing experimental results for ratios of particle yields with theoretical predictions based on applications of the Hadron Resonance Gas model. We discuss here how…
We investigate hadronic species freeze-out systematics in A+A collisions at low SPS energies, corresponding to a baryochemical potential above 300 MeV, analyzing NA49 hadron production data in the framework of the statistical hadronization…
We present the status of the chemical freeze-out, determined from fits of hadron yields with the statistical hadronization (thermal) model, with focus on the data at the LHC. A description of the yields of hadrons containing light quarks as…
The evolution of a hadronic system after its chemical decomposition is described through a model that conserves the hadronic multiplicities to their values at chemical freeze-out. The state of the system is found as function of temperature…
The present knowledge about hadrons produced in relativistic heavy ion collisions is compatible with chemical freeze-out happening when the energy density divided by the particle density reaches the value of 1 GeV. This observation is used…
We argue that the chemical freeze-out in heavy ion collisions at high baryon density is not associated to a phase transition or rapid crossover. We employ the linear nucleon-meson model with parameters fixed by the zero-temperature…
We analyze the experimental hadron yield ratios for central nucleus-nucleus collisions in terms of thermal model calculations over a broad energy range, $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$=2.7-200 GeV. The fits of the experimental data with the model…
We argue that known systematics of hadron cross sections may cause different particles to freeze out of the fireball produced in heavy-ion collisions at different times. We find that a simple model with two freezeout points is a better…
Matter implies the existence of a large-scale connected cluster of a uniform nature. The appearance of such clusters as function of hadron density is specified by percolation theory. We can therefore formulate the freeze-out of interacting…
It is shown that the condition for chemical freeze-out, average energy per hadron approximately 1 GeV, selects the softest point of the equation of state, namely the point where the pressure divided by the energy density has a minimum. The…
Based on transport equations we argue that the chiral dynamics in heavy-ion collisions at high collision energies effectively decouples from the thermal physics of the fireball. With full decoupling at LHC energies the chiral condensate…
Modifications of hadron masses and some of their basic properties with temperature or nuclear density are considered as one possible signature for the formation of dense hadronic matter in nuclear collisions. We discuss here some basic…
We introduce a new prescription for obtaining the chemical freeze-out parameters in the heavy-ion collision experiments using the Hadron Resonance Gas model. The scheme is found to reliably estimate the freeze-out parameters and predict the…
At thermal equilibrium, different chemical freezeout conditions have been proposed so far. They have an ultimate aim of proposing a universal description for the chemical freezeout parameters ($T_{ch}$ and $\mu_b$), which are to be…
One surprising result in relativistic heavy-ion collisions is that the abundance of various particles measured in experiments is consistent with the picture that they reach chemical equilibrium at a temperature much higher than the…
It is shown that the freezeout parameters estimated in the heavy-ion collisions all are well described by a constant value of the entropy density $s$ divided by $T^3$. The value of $s/T^3$ has been taken from the lattice QCD simulations at…
We provide a framework to estimate the systematic uncertainties in chemical freeze-out parameters extracted from $\chi^2$ analysis of thermal model, using hadron multiplicity ratios in relativistic heavy-ion collision experiments. Using a…
The status of the energy dependence of the chemical freeze-out temperature and chemical potential obtained in heavy ion collisions is presented. Recent proposals for chemical freeze-out conditions are compared.
The chemical freeze-out curve in heavy-ion collisions is investigated in the context of a quantum chromodynamics (QCD) critical point (CP) search at finite baryon densities. Taking the hadron resonance gas picture at face value, chemical…