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Reinforcement learning (RL) has been extensively researched for enhancing human-environment interactions in various human-centric tasks, including e-learning and healthcare. Since deploying and evaluating policies online are high-stakes in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-02-21 Ge Gao , Song Ju , Markel Sanz Ausin , Min Chi

Evaluating the value of a hypothetical target policy with only a logged dataset is important but challenging. On the one hand, it brings opportunities for safe policy improvement under high-stakes scenarios like clinical guidelines. On the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-30 Hao Sun , Alex J. Chan , Nabeel Seedat , Alihan Hüyük , Mihaela van der Schaar

We consider off-policy evaluation (OPE) in Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes (POMDPs), where the evaluation policy depends only on observable variables and the behavior policy depends on unobservable latent variables. Existing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-06-17 Chengchun Shi , Masatoshi Uehara , Jiawei Huang , Nan Jiang

The options framework is a popular approach for building temporally extended actions in reinforcement learning. In particular, the option-critic architecture provides general purpose policy gradient theorems for learning actions from…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-02-07 Matthew Riemer , Ignacio Cases , Clemens Rosenbaum , Miao Liu , Gerald Tesauro

Off-policy learning from multistep returns is crucial for sample-efficient reinforcement learning, but counteracting off-policy bias without exacerbating variance is challenging. Classically, off-policy bias is corrected in a per-decision…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-23 Brett Daley , Martha White , Christopher Amato , Marlos C. Machado

Training agents via off-policy deep reinforcement learning (RL) requires a large memory, named replay memory, that stores past experiences used for learning. These experiences are sampled, uniformly or non-uniformly, to create the batches…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-12-27 Bumgeun Park , Taeyoung Kim , Woohyeon Moon , Luiz Felipe Vecchietti , Dongsoo Har

Reinforcement Learning (RL) methods are typically sample-inefficient, making it challenging to train and deploy RL-policies in real world robots. Even a robust policy trained in simulation requires a real-world deployment to assess their…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-06 Pulkit Katdare , Nan Jiang , Katherine Driggs-Campbell

We pursue a life-long learning approach to artificial intelligence that makes extensive use of reinforcement learning algorithms. We build on our prior work with general value functions (GVFs) and the Horde architecture. GVFs have been…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2012-06-28 Adam White , Joseph Modayil , Richard S. Sutton

Policy iteration is one of the classical frameworks of reinforcement learning, which requires a known initial stabilizing control. However, finding the initial stabilizing control depends on the known system model. To relax this requirement…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-03-20 Dongdong Li , Jiuxiang Dong

The policy gradient approach is a flexible and powerful reinforcement learning method particularly for problems with continuous actions such as robot control. A common challenge in this scenario is how to reduce the variance of policy…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2013-01-18 Tingting Zhao , Hirotaka Hachiya , Voot Tangkaratt , Jun Morimoto , Masashi Sugiyama

We consider the problem of off-policy evaluation for reinforcement learning, where the goal is to estimate the expected reward of a target policy $\pi$ using offline data collected by running a logging policy $\mu$. Standard…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-07-09 Ming Yin , Yu-Xiang Wang

In reinforcement learning, off-policy evaluation (OPE) is the problem of estimating the expected return of an evaluation policy given a fixed dataset that was collected by running one or more different policies. One of the more empirically…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-31 Brahma S. Pavse , Josiah P. Hanna

Off-policy evaluation is critical in a number of applications where new policies need to be evaluated offline before online deployment. Most existing methods focus on the expected return, define the target parameter through averaging and…

机器学习 · 统计学 2023-02-10 Yingying Zhang , Chengchun Shi , Shikai Luo

Deep reinforcement learning algorithms require large amounts of experience to learn an individual task. While in principle meta-reinforcement learning (meta-RL) algorithms enable agents to learn new skills from small amounts of experience,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-03-21 Kate Rakelly , Aurick Zhou , Deirdre Quillen , Chelsea Finn , Sergey Levine

Before A/B testing online a new version of a recommender system, it is usual to perform some offline evaluations on historical data. We focus on evaluation methods that compute an estimator of the potential uplift in revenue that could…

The problem of Offline Policy Evaluation (OPE) in Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a critical step towards applying RL in real-life applications. Existing work on OPE mostly focus on evaluating a fixed target policy $\pi$, which does not…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-12-02 Ming Yin , Yu Bai , Yu-Xiang Wang

Tackling large approximate dynamic programming or reinforcement learning problems requires methods that can exploit regularities, or intrinsic structure, of the problem in hand. Most current methods are geared towards exploiting the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2014-07-03 Amir-massoud Farahmand , Doina Precup , André M. S. Barreto , Mohammad Ghavamzadeh

Learning from Observations (LfO) is a practical reinforcement learning scenario from which many applications can benefit through the reuse of incomplete resources. Compared to conventional imitation learning (IL), LfO is more challenging…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-03-01 Zhuangdi Zhu , Kaixiang Lin , Bo Dai , Jiayu Zhou

The problem of on-line off-policy evaluation (OPE) has been actively studied in the last decade due to its importance both as a stand-alone problem and as a module in a policy improvement scheme. However, most Temporal Difference (TD) based…

机器学习 · 统计学 2017-02-24 Assaf Hallak , Shie Mannor

There has been a growing interest in off-policy evaluation in the literature such as recommender systems and personalized medicine. We have so far seen significant progress in developing estimators aimed at accurately estimating the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-04-24 Yuta Saito , Masahiro Nomura