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Deep neural networks have recently achieved state-of-the-art results in many machine learning problems, e.g., speech recognition or object recognition. Hitherto, work on rectified linear units (ReLU) provides empirical and theoretical…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2015-05-12 Jakub Mikolaj Tomczak

We introduce the "inverse square root linear unit" (ISRLU) to speed up learning in deep neural networks. ISRLU has better performance than ELU but has many of the same benefits. ISRLU and ELU have similar curves and characteristics. Both…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2017-11-13 Brad Carlile , Guy Delamarter , Paul Kinney , Akiko Marti , Brian Whitney

Deep neural networks, particularly those employing Rectified Linear Units (ReLU), are often perceived as complex, high-dimensional, non-linear systems. This complexity poses a significant challenge to understanding their internal learning…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Longqing Ye

In past few years, linear rectified unit activation functions have shown its significance in the neural networks, surpassing the performance of sigmoid activations. RELU (Nair & Hinton, 2010), ELU (Clevert et al., 2015), PRELU (He et al.,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-06-05 Vijay Pandey

Deep reinforcement learning has been shown to be a powerful framework for learning policies from complex high-dimensional sensory inputs to actions in complex tasks, such as the Atari domain. In this paper, we explore output representation…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2016-06-16 Ishan P. Durugkar , Clemens Rosenbaum , Stefan Dernbach , Sridhar Mahadevan

Activation functions are critical components in deep neural networks, directly influencing gradient flow, training stability, and model performance. Traditional functions like ReLU suffer from dead neuron problems, while sigmoid and tanh…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-31 Sergii Kavun

Activation functions are essential to deep learning networks. Popular and versatile activation functions are mostly monotonic functions, some non-monotonic activation functions are being explored and show promising performance. But by…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2023-05-26 Junjia Chen , Zhibin Pan

Deep neural networks, as a powerful system to represent high dimensional complex functions, play a key role in deep learning. Convergence of deep neural networks is a fundamental issue in building the mathematical foundation for deep…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-10-04 Wentao Huang , Yuesheng Xu , Haizhang Zhang

In this work, we propose to train a deep neural network by distributed optimization over a graph. Two nonlinear functions are considered: the rectified linear unit (ReLU) and a linear unit with both lower and upper cutoffs (DCutLU). The…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2017-06-20 Guoqiang Zhang , W. Bastiaan Kleijn

Recent studies have shown that the choice of activation function can significantly affect the performance of deep learning networks. However, the benefits of novel activation functions have been inconsistent and task dependent, and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-01-25 Garrett Bingham , Risto Miikkulainen

In this paper, we develop an alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) for deep neural networks training with sigmoid-type activation functions (called \textit{sigmoid-ADMM pair}), mainly motivated by the gradient-free nature of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-09-16 Jinshan Zeng , Shao-Bo Lin , Yuan Yao , Ding-Xuan Zhou

In recent years, functional neural networks have been proposed and studied in order to approximate nonlinear continuous functionals defined on $L^p([-1, 1]^s)$ for integers $s\ge1$ and $1\le p<\infty$. However, their theoretical properties…

机器学习 · 统计学 2023-04-11 Linhao Song , Jun Fan , Di-Rong Chen , Ding-Xuan Zhou

In this work, we examine the approximation capabilities of deep neural networks utilizing the Rectified Quadratic Unit (ReQU) activation function, defined as \(\max(0,x)^2\), for approximating H\"older-regular functions with respect to the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-12 Ahmed Abdeljawad

In this paper we investigate the family of functions representable by deep neural networks (DNN) with rectified linear units (ReLU). We give an algorithm to train a ReLU DNN with one hidden layer to *global optimality* with runtime…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-03-01 Raman Arora , Amitabh Basu , Poorya Mianjy , Anirbit Mukherjee

Activation functions are essential for deep learning methods to learn and perform complex tasks such as image classification. Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) has been widely used and become the default activation function across the deep…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2018-12-18 Hock Hung Chieng , Noorhaniza Wahid , Pauline Ong , Sai Raj Kishore Perla

ReLU, a commonly used activation function in deep neural networks, is prone to the issue of "Dying ReLU". Several enhanced versions, such as ELU, SeLU, and Swish, have been introduced and are considered to be less commonly utilized.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-07-12 Jamshaid Ul Rahman , Rubiqa Zulfiqar , Asad Khan , Nimra

This work contributes to the development of a new data-driven method (D-DM) of feedforward neural networks (FNNs) learning. This method was proposed recently as a way of improving randomized learning of FNNs by adjusting the network…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-07-07 Grzegorz Dudek

This study introduces a novel activation function, characterized by a dynamic slope that adjusts throughout the training process, aimed at enhancing adaptability and performance in deep neural networks for computer vision tasks. The…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-08-20 Archisman Chakraborti , Bidyut B Chaudhuri

A deep learning approach to reinforcement learning led to a general learner able to train on visual input to play a variety of arcade games at the human and superhuman levels. Its creators at the Google DeepMind's team called the approach:…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2015-12-08 Ivan Sorokin , Alexey Seleznev , Mikhail Pavlov , Aleksandr Fedorov , Anastasiia Ignateva

Activation functions have a notorious impact on neural networks on both training and testing the models against the desired problem. Currently, the most used activation function is the Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU). This paper introduces a…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2018-01-23 Eric Alcaide