相关论文: Bypassing damaged nervous tissue
Understanding the structure of neural network loss surfaces, particularly the emergence of low-loss tunnels, is critical for advancing neural network theory and practice. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to directly embed loss…
Aging is driven by subcellular processes that are relatively well-understood. However the qualitative mechanisms and quantitative dynamics of how these micro-level failures cascade to a macro-level catastrophe in a tissue or organs remain…
A possible mechanism for the synchronization of action potential propagation along a bundle of neurons (ephaptic coupling) is considered. It is shown that this mechanism is similar to the salutatory conduction of the action potential…
Extreme localization of damage in conventional brittle materials is the source of a host of undesirable effects. We show how artificially engineered metamaterials with all brittle constituents can be designed to ensure that every breakable…
Neurons are spatially extended structures that receive and process inputs on their dendrites. It is generally accepted that neuronal computations arise from the active integration of synaptic inputs along a dendrite between the input…
Spine biomechanics is at a transformation with the advent and integration of machine learning and computer vision technologies. These novel techniques facilitate the estimation of 3D body shapes, anthropometrics, and kinematics from as…
The dynamical mechanism underlying the processes of anesthesia-induced loss of consciousness and recovery is key to gaining insights into the working of the nervous system. Previous experiments revealed an asymmetry between neural signals…
We present a coarse-grained model for stochastic transport of noninteracting chemical signals inside neuronal dendrites and show how first-passage properties depend on the key structural factors affected by neurodegenerative disorders or…
Accurate segmentation of vascular networks is essential for computer-aided tools designed to address cardiovascular diseases. Despite more than thirty years of research, it remains a challenge to obtain vascular segmentation results that…
The aim was to investigate mechanical and functional failure of diffuse axonal injury (DAI) in nerve bundles following frontal head impacts, by finite element simulations. Anatomical changes following traumatic brain injury are simulated at…
A neural network mechanism that can compensate for poor optical quality was recently discovered in a biological context. We propose that this mechanism can and should be adopted for astronomical purposes. This would shift emphasis away from…
In general a decay with a missing (not detected) particle can not be fully reconstructed apart from a few exceptions. For example, if the momentum of the decaying particle is known or if the missing energy in an event is measured precisely,…
We develop a model to investigate analytically and numerically the mechanics of wound opening made in a viscoelastic, isotropic, homogeneous, and incompressive thin tissue. This process occurs just immediately after the wound infliction.…
We theoretically predict and experimentally verify the illusion of transforming the magnetic signature of a 3D object into that of another arbitrary object. This is done by employing negative-permeability materials, which we demonstrate…
A stable shape for corneas experiencing refractive surgery has to be sustained so as to elude post-refractive surgery de-compensation. This de-compensation leads to visual complications and unsatisfactory procedure recovery. Variation in…
One of the main causes of long-term prosthetic abandonment is the lack of ownership over the prosthesis, caused mainly by the absence of sensory information regarding the lost limb. One strategy to overcome this problem is to provide…
Most animal body plans have some degree of left-right asymmetry. This chirality at the tissue and organ level is often assumed to originate from the intrinsic handedness of biological molecules. How this handedness might be transferred from…
The skin forms an efficient barrier against the environment, and rapid cutaneous wound healing after injury is therefore essential. Healing of the uppermost layer of the skin, the epidermis, involves collective migration of keratinocytes,…
Symmetry breaking is common in animal and human brains where the lack of asymmetry often perturbs behavioral and cognitive functions. In particular, the ubiquity of mirror-image confusion in young children, which often persists in dyslexia,…
This study investigates ultra-low-energy defibrillation protocols using a simple two-dimensional model of cardiac tissue. We find that, rather counter-intuitively, a single, properly timed, biphasic pulse can be more effective in…