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In this paper a new procedure to smooth out the initial energy densities of hydrodynamics is employed to show that the initial spatial eccentricities $\varepsilon_{m,n}$, which drive the final state flow harmonics $v_n$, are remarkably…

核理论 · 物理学 2016-02-17 Jacquelyn Noronha-Hostler , Jorge Noronha , Miklos Gyulassy

The effects of event-by-event fluctuations in the initial geometry of the colliding nuclei are important in the analysis of final flow observables in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. We use hydrodynamic simulations to study the amplitude…

核理论 · 物理学 2016-09-14 Jing Qian , Ulrich Heinz

Hadron spectra and elliptic flow in high-energy heavy-ion collisions are studied within a (3+1)D ideal hydrodynamic model with fluctuating initial conditions given by the AMPT Monte Carlo model. Results from event-by-event simulations are…

核理论 · 物理学 2012-09-20 Longgang Pang , Qun Wang , Xin-Nian Wang

We develop a framework for event-by-event ideal hydrodynamics to study the differential elliptic flow which is measured at different centralities in Au+Au collisions at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). Fluctuating initial energy…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2011-03-22 Hannu Holopainen , Harri Niemi , Kari J. Eskola

We investigate the applicability of fluid dynamics in ultrarelativistic heavy ion (AA) collisions and high multiplicity proton nucleus (pA) collisions. In order for fluid dynamics to be applicable the microscopic and macroscopic…

核理论 · 物理学 2014-04-30 H. Niemi , G. S. Denicol

Results from the RHIC and LHC experiments show, that in relativistic heavy ion collisions, a new state of matter, a strongly interacting perfect fluid is created. Accelerating, exact and explicit solutions of relativistic hydrodynamics…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2017-02-14 Mate Csanad , Tamas Csorgo , Ze-Fang Jiang , Chun-Bin Yan

We investigate how the initial geometry of a heavy-ion collision is transformed into final flow observables by solving event-by-event ideal hydrodynamics with realistic fluctuating initial conditions. We study quantitatively to what extent…

We revisit the use of ideal hydrodynamics to describe bulk- and multistrange-hadron observables in nuclear collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Toward this end we augment the 2+1-dimensional code "AZHYDRO" by employing (a) an…

核理论 · 物理学 2015-06-03 Min He , Rainer J. Fries , Ralf Rapp

We study the behaviour of the effective temperature for K$^+$ in several energy domains. For this purpose, we apply the recently developed SPheRIO code for hydrodynamics in 3+1 dimensions, using both Landau-type compact initial conditions…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2015-06-25 M. Gazdzicki , M. I. Gorenstein , F. Grassi , Y. Hama , T. Kodama , O. Socolowski

It has been over a decade since the first experimental data from gold nuclei collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider suggested hydrodynamic behavior. While early ideal hydrodynamical models were surprisingly accurate in their…

核理论 · 物理学 2013-07-30 Joshua Vredevoogd

Due to large pressure gradients at early times, standard hydrodynamic model simulations of relativistic heavy-ion collisions do not become reliable until $O(1)$\,fm/$c$ after the collision. To address this one often introduces a…

核理论 · 物理学 2023-03-10 Dananjaya Liyanage , Özge Sürer , Matthew Plumlee , Stefan M. Wild , Ulrich Heinz

Due to gluon saturation, the growth of the inelastic nucleon-nucleon cross section with increasing collision energy sqrt(s) results in a broadening of the nucleon's density distribution in position space. This leads to a natural smoothing…

核理论 · 物理学 2012-10-08 Ulrich W. Heinz , J. Scott Moreland

We develop a far-from-equilibrium hydrodynamic model to evolve ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions in event-by-event simulations. Anisotropic hydrodynamics is designed to better handle the strong and highly anisotropic expansion during…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2021-05-14 Mike McNelis

A 1+1 dimensional hydrodynamical model in the light-cone coordinates is used to describe central heavy-ion collisions at ultrarelativistic bombarding energies. Deviations from Bjorken's scaling are taken into account by choosing finite-size…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2008-11-26 L. M. Satarov , I. N. Mishustin , A. V. Merdeev , H. Stoecker

Partonic matter produced in the early stage of ultrarelativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions is assumed to be composed mainly of gluons, and quarks and antiquarks are produced at later times. The comparable hydrodynamic simulations of…

In the context of event-by-event hydrodynamic description, we analyze the implications of two models characterized by distinct initial conditions. The initial energy density of the first model adopts a Gaussian-type distribution, while…

核理论 · 物理学 2020-04-02 Dan Wen , Kai Lin , Wei-Liang Qian , Bin Wang , Yogiro Hama , Takeshi Kodama

Complete evolution of the strongly interacting matter formed in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions is studied within a coupled Boltzmann and relativistic viscous hydrodynamics approach. For the initial nonequilibrium evolution phase, we…

核理论 · 物理学 2015-07-14 Rajeev S. Bhalerao , Amaresh Jaiswal , Subrata Pal

In this article, we reexamine the formulation for extraction of Knudsen number ($K$), the ratio of shear viscosity to entropy density ($\eta/s$), within the incomplete thermalization scenario, using eccentricity scaling of elliptic flow…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2025-03-05 Arun Kumar Yadav , Partha Pratim Bhaduri , Subhasis Chattopadhyay

In hydrodynamical modeling of ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions, the freeze-out is typically assumed to take place at a surface of constant temperature or energy density. A more physical approach is to assume that freeze-out takes…

核理论 · 物理学 2017-05-24 Saeed Ahmad , Hannu Holopainen , Pasi Huovinen

Using a (2+1)-d viscous hydrodynamical model, we study the dependence of flow observables on the collision energy ranging from sqrt(s)=7.7 A GeV at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) to sqrt(s)=2760 A GeV at the Large Hadron…

核理论 · 物理学 2012-10-08 Chun Shen , Ulrich Heinz
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