相关论文: SOLARPROP: Charge-sign Dependent Solar Modulation …
We present a tool to compute the influence of charge-sign dependent solar modulation for cosmic ray spectra. The code is publicly available, easy to use and offers an extended view on solar modulation compared to the force-field…
Simultaneous and continuous observations of galactic cosmic-ray electrons and positrons from the PAMELA and AMS02 space experiments are most suitable for numerical modeling studies of the heliospheric modulation of these particles below 50…
Research in many areas of modern physics and astrophysics such as, e.g., indirect searches for dark matter (DM), particle acceleration in SNR shocks, and the spectrum and origin of extragalactic gamma-ray background, rely heavily on studies…
We compute cosmic ray (CR) nuclei, proton, antiproton, electron and positron spectra below 1 TeV at Earth by means of a detailed transport description in the galaxy and in the solar system. CR spectra below 10 GeV are strongly modified by…
Our ability to identify the sources of cosmic rays and understand how these particles propagate through the interstellar medium is hindered by the combined effects of the solar wind and its embedded magnetic field, collectively known as…
We present the observation of a charge-sign dependent solar modulation of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) with the CALorimetric Electron Telescope onboard the International Space Station over 6 yr, corresponding to the positive polarity of the…
Interstellar synchrotron emission depends on Galactic magnetic fields and on cosmic-ray leptons. Observations of radio emission are an important tool for studying cosmic-ray propagation models and interstellar electron spectrum and…
An important factor limiting our ability to understand the production and propagation of cosmic rays pertains to the effects of heliospheric forces, commonly known as solar modulation. The solar wind is capable of generating time and…
We develop a unified charge-dependent solar modulation model by solving the three-dimensional Parker transport equation, incorporating a realistic wavy heliospheric current sheet to treat drift effects self-consistently. Using a local…
The Galactic cosmic-ray propagation code GALPROP is designed to make predictions of many kinds of data self-consistently, including direct cosmic-ray measurements, gamma rays and synchrotron radiation. In the decade since its conception it…
We study the time-dependent modulation effect and derive the local interstellar spectra (LIS) for the cosmic ray (CR) proton, helium, boron and carbon. A two-dimensional modulation model including the variation of the interplanetary…
Our basic theoretical understanding of the sources of cosmic rays and their propagation through the interstellar medium is hindered by the Sun, that through the solar wind affects the observed cosmic-ray spectra. This effect is known as…
The spectra of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) contain crucial information about their origin and propagation through the interstellar medium. When GCRs reach Earth, they are significantly influenced by the solar wind and the heliospheric…
When the Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCRs) entering the heliosphere, they encounter the solar wind plasma, and their intensity is reduced, so-called solar modulation. The modulation is caused by the combination of a few factors, such as particle…
The solar modulation effect of cosmic rays in the heliosphere is an energy-, time-, and particle-dependent phenomenon which arises from a combination of basic particle transport processes such as diffusion, convection, adiabatic cooling,…
The solar modulation, a combination of diffusion, convection, magnetic drift and energy loss inside the heliosphere is usually seen as a depletion in the Galactic cosmic ray (CR) flux at low energy (less than 10 GeV/nuc). Antiparticles such…
In recent years, the increasing precision of direct cosmic rays measurements opened the door to indirect searches of dark matter with high-sensitivity and to more accurate predictions for radiation doses received by astronauts and…
Cosmic-ray electrons and positrons are a unique probe of the propagation of cosmic rays as well as of the nature and distribution of particle sources in our Galaxy. Recent measurements of these particles are challenging our basic…
Information on cosmic-ray (CR) composition comes from direct CR measurements while their distribution in the Galaxy is evaluated from observations of their associated diffuse emission in the range from radio to gamma rays. Even though the…
Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCRs) are mainly protons confined in the galactic magnetic field to form an isotropic flux inside the galaxy. Before reaching the Earth orbit they enter the Heliosphere and undergo diffusion, convection, magnetic drift…