相关论文: Superfluid phases of $^3$He in nano-scale channels
Predictions and discoveries of new phases of superfluid $^3$He in confined geometries, as well as novel topological excitations confined to surfaces and edges of near a bounding surface of $^3$He, are driving the fields of superfluid $^3$He…
Superfluid $^3$He under nanoscale confinement has generated significant interest due to the rich spectrum of phases with complex order parameters that may be stabilized. Experiments have uncovered a variety of interesting phenomena, but a…
Strong interactions that favor chiral p-wave pairing, combined with strong pair breaking by confining boundaries, are shown to lead to new equilibrium states with different broken symmetries. Based on a strong-coupling Ginzburg-Landau (GL)…
Thin films of superfluid $^3$He were predicted, based on weak-coupling BCS theory, to have a stable phase which spontaneously breaks translational symmetry in the plane of the film. This crystalline superfluid, or "stripe" phase, develops…
In the Ginzburg-Landau theory of superfluid $^{3}$He, the free energy is expressed as an expansion of invariants of a complex order parameter. Strong coupling effects, which increase with increasing pressure, are embodied in the set of…
In superfluid $^3$He-B confined in a slab geometry, domain walls between regions of different order parameter orientation are predicted to be energetically stable. Formation of the spatially-modulated superfluid stripe phase has been…
Recent advances in experiment and theory suggest that superfluid $^3$He under planar confinement may form a pair density wave (PDW) whereby superfluid and crystalline orders coexist. While a natural candidate for this phase is a…
Anisotropic pair breaking close to surfaces favors the chiral A phase of the superfluid $^3$He over the time-reversal invariant B phase. Confining the superfluid $^3$He into a cavity of height $D$ of the order of the Cooper pair size…
The symmetry-breaking first-order phase transition between superfluid phases $^3$He-A and $^3$He-B can be triggered extrinsically by ionising radiation or heterogeneous nucleation arising from the details of the sample cell construction.…
We provide topological classification of possible phases with the symmetry of the planar phase of superfluid $^3$He. Compared to the B-phase (class DIII in classification of Altland and Zirnbauer), it has an additional symmetry, which…
We present the first theoretical calculation of the pressure-temperature-field phase diagram for the vortex phases of rotating superfluid $^3$He-B. Based on a strong-coupling extension of the Ginzburg-Landau theory that accounts for the…
Topological superfluid $^3$He, with unconventional spin-triplet p-wave pairing, provides a model system for topological superconductors, which have attracted significant interest through potential applications in topologically protected…
The pressure dependence of the order parameter in superfluid $^3$He is amazingly simple. In the Ginzburg-Landau regime, i.e. close to $T_c$, the square of the order parameter can be accurately measured by its proportionality to NMR…
The A and B phases of superfluid 3 He have vector degrees of freedom that reflect their characteristic broken symmetries, respectively chiral and spin-orbit rotation axes. Anisotropic disorder in the superfluid, imbibed in uniformly…
This paper reviews the confinement-driven phase transitions, and the prediction of superfluid phases with broken time-reversal or translational symmetry in thin films. The new phases are a result of particle-hole coherent Andreev scattering…
Motivated by recent experiments on superfluid $^3$He in nanoscale-confined geometries, we theoretically investigate the associated phase diagram in a slab geometry and perpendicular magnetic field as the size of confinement is varied. Our…
Measurements of superfluid $^3$He in 98% aerogel demonstrate the existence of a metastable \emph{A}-like phase and a stable \emph{B}-like phase. It has been suggested that the relative stability of these two phases is controlled by…
Recent experiments on superfluid $^3$He in globally anisotropic aerogels have shown realization of the polar superfluid phase and of the half-quantum vortices (HQVs) in this phase upon rotation. To clarify why the HQVs, which had not been…
Owing to the richness of symmetry and well-established knowledge on the bulk superfluidity, the superfluid $^3$He has offered a prototypical system to study intertwining of topology and symmetry. This article reviews recent progress in…
Superfluidity in $^3$He exhibits many unique properties that are of interest to modern condensed matter research, including multiple superfluid phase transitions, topological defects, and exotic classes of excitations like Majorana and Weyl…