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Based on decision trees, many fields have arguably made tremendous progress in recent years. In simple words, decision trees use the strategy of "divide-and-conquer" to divide the complex problem on the dependency between input features and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-01-22 Jinxiong Zhang

Active cyber defenses based on temporal platform diversity have been proposed as way to make systems more resistant to attacks. These defenses change the properties of the platforms in order to make attacks more complicated. Unfortunately,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2014-02-03 Kevin M. Carter , Hamed Okhravi , James Riordan

Machine learning models -- deep neural networks in particular -- have performed remarkably well on benchmark datasets across a wide variety of domains. However, the ease of finding adversarial counter-examples remains a persistent problem…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-09-13 Charles Meyers , Mohammad Reza Saleh Sedghpour , Tommy Löfstedt , Erik Elmroth

We study the resilience of complex networks against attacks in which nodes are targeted intelligently, but where disabling a node has a cost to the attacker which depends on its degree. Attackers have to meet these costs with limited…

物理与社会 · 物理学 2015-05-19 A Annibale , A C C Coolen , G Bianconi

The latency reduction between the discovery of vulnerabilities, the build-up and dissemination of cyber-attacks has put significant pressure on cybersecurity professionals. For that, security researchers have increasingly resorted to…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-10-11 Sébastien Gillard , Dimitri Percia David , Alain Mermoud , Thomas Maillart

Real-world attacks can be interpreted as the result of competitive interactions between networks, ranging from predator-prey networks to networks of countries under economic sanctions. Although the purpose of an attack is to damage a target…

社会与信息网络 · 计算机科学 2015-10-22 Boris Podobnik , Davor Horvatic , Tomislav Lipic , Matjaz Perc , Javier M. Buldu , H. Eugene Stanley

Attack-defense trees (ADTs) are a prominent graphical threat modeling method that is highly recommended for analyzing and communicating security-related information. Despite this, existing empirical studies of attack trees have established…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-04-01 Nathan Daniel Schiele , Olga Gadyatskaya

Resolving major societal challenges, such as stagnated economic growth or wasted resources, heavily relies on successful project delivery. However, projects are notoriously hard to deliver successfully, partly due to their interconnected…

社会与信息网络 · 计算机科学 2018-10-18 Christos Ellinas , Naoki Masuda

As large language models (LLMs) continue to evolve, it is critical to assess the security threats and vulnerabilities that may arise both during their training phase and after models have been deployed. This survey seeks to define and…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-05 Francisco Aguilera-Martínez , Fernando Berzal

In this article I describe a research agenda for securing machine learning models against adversarial inputs at test time. This article does not present results but instead shares some of my thoughts about where I think that the field needs…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-03-18 Ian Goodfellow

Tasks that require information about the world imply a trade-off between the time spent on observation and the variance of the response. In particular, fast decisions need to rely on uncertain information. However, standard estimates of…

神经元与认知 · 定量生物学 2023-07-18 Sahel Azizpour , Viola Priesemann , Johannes Zierenberg , Anna Levina

Protecting against multi-step attacks of uncertain duration and timing forces defenders into an indefinite, always ongoing, resource-intensive response. To effectively allocate resources, a defender must be able to analyze multi-step…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-07-12 Alexander V. Outkin , Patricia V. Schulz , Timothy Schulz , Thomas D. Tarman , Ali Pinar

In this paper we criticize the robustness measure traditionally employed to assess the performance of machine learning models deployed in adversarial settings. To mitigate the limitations of robustness, we introduce a new measure called…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-12-07 Stefano Calzavara , Lorenzo Cazzaro , Claudio Lucchese , Federico Marcuzzi , Salvatore Orlando

Empirical estimation of critical points at which complex systems abruptly flip from one state to another is among the remaining challenges in network science. However, due to the stochastic nature of critical transitions it is widely…

社会与信息网络 · 计算机科学 2014-07-09 B. Podobnik , T. Lipic , D. Horvatic , A. Majdandzic , S. Bishop , H. E. Stanley

Modeling and analyzing security of networked systems is an important problem in the emerging Science of Security and has been under active investigation. In this paper, we propose a new approach towards tackling the problem. Our approach is…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2016-03-29 Gaofeng Da , Maochao Xu , Shouhuai Xu

Data poisoning considers cases when an adversary manipulates the behavior of machine learning algorithms through malicious training data. Existing threat models of data poisoning center around a single metric, the number of poisoned…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-12-08 Wenxiao Wang , Soheil Feizi

We focus on adversarial patrolling games on arbitrary graphs, where the Defender can control a mobile resource, the targets are alarmed by an alarm system, and the Attacker can observe the actions of the mobile resource of the Defender and…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2018-06-20 Giuseppe De Nittis , Nicola Gatti

This paper tackles the problems of generating concrete test cases for testing whether an application is vulnerable to attacks, and of checking whether security solutions are correctly implemented. The approach proposed in the paper aims at…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2020-07-08 Sébastien Salva , Loukmen Regainia

This paper attempts to strengthen the pursued research on social engineering (SE) threat identification, and control, by means of the author's illustrated classification, which includes attack types, determining the degree of possible harm…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-02-25 V. Y. Sokolov , O. Y. Korzhenko

Prediction credibility measures, in the form of confidence intervals or probability distributions, are fundamental in statistics and machine learning to characterize model robustness, detect out-of-distribution samples (outliers), and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-11-26 Luiz F. O. Chamon , Santiago Paternain , Alejandro Ribeiro