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The spatial distribution and evolution of gas in the inner 10 au of protoplanetary disks form the basis for estimating the initial conditions of planet formation. Among the most important constraints derived from spectroscopic observations…

Detailed models for the density and temperature profiles of gas and dust in protoplanetary disks are constructed by taking into account X-ray and ultraviolet (UV) irradiation from a central T Tauri star, as well as dust size growth and…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2011-02-11 H. Nomura , Y. Aikawa , M. Tsujimoto , Y. Nakagawa , T. J. Millar

We present a synergic study of protoplanetary disks to investigate links between inner disk gas molecules and the large-scale migration of solid pebbles. The sample includes 63 disks where two types of measurements are available: i)…

Context. Current models of the size- and radial evolution of dust in protoplanetary disks generally oversimplify either the radial evolution of the disk (by focussing at one single radius or by using steady state disk models) or they assume…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2010-05-03 T. Birnstiel , C. P. Dullemond , F. Brauer

We investigate the time evolution of dust properties, molecular hydrogen (H_2) contents, and star formation histories in galaxies by using our original chemodynamical simulations. The simulations include the formation of dust in the stellar…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-15 Kenji Bekki

The extent of the gas in protoplanetary disks is observed to be universally larger than the extent of the dust. This is often attributed to radial drift and grain growth of the mm grains, but line optical depth produces a similar…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2019-09-25 L. Trapman , S. Facchini , M. R. Hogerheijde , E. F. van Dishoeck , S. Bruderer

MIR spectra imply considerable chemical diversity in the inner regions of protoplanetary discs: some are H2O-dominated, others by CO2. Sublimating ices from radially drifting dust grains are often invoked to explain some of this diversity,…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-02-05 Andrew D. Sellek , Marissa Vlasblom , Ewine F. van Dishoeck

Ultraviolet spectra of protoplanetary disks trace distributions of warm gas at radii where rocky planets form. We combine HST-COS observations of H2 and CO emission from 12 classical T Tauri stars to more extensively map inner disk surface…

Recent high angular resolution observations of protoplanetary disks at different wavelengths have revealed several kinds of structures, including multiple bright and dark rings. Embedded planets are the most used explanation for such…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2017-08-23 P. Pinilla , A. Pohl , S. M. Stammler , T. Birnstiel

We present a study of the evolution of the inner few astronomical units of protoplanetary disks around low-mass stars. We consider nearby stellar groups with ages spanning from 1 to 11 Myr, distributed into four age bins. Combining…

We calculate the chemical evolution of protoplanetary disks considering radial viscous accretion, vertical turbulent mixing and vertical disk winds. We study the effects on the disk chemical structure when different models for the formation…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-27 Dominikus Heinzeller , Hideko Nomura , Catherine Walsh , Tom J. Millar

We investigate the physical properties of molecular hydrogen (H2) in isolated and interacting disk galaxies with different masses and Hubble types by using chemodynamical simulations with H2 formation on dust grains and dust growth and…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2017-03-08 Kenji Bekki

We analyze the dynamics of gas-dust coupling in the presence of stellar radiation pressure in circumstellar gas disks, which are in a transitional stage between the gas-dominated, optically thick, primordial nebulae, and the dust-dominated,…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-10-31 Taku Takeuchi , Pawel Artymowicz

A key problem in protoplanetary disc evolution is understanding the efficiency of dust radial drift. This process makes the observed dust disc sizes shrink on relatively short timescales, implying that discs started much larger than what we…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-08-04 Claudia Toci , Giovanni Rosotti , Giuseppe Lodato , Leonardo Testi , Leon Trapman

Recent surveys of protoplanetary disks show that substructure in dust thermal continuum emission maps is common in protoplanetary disks. These substructures, most prominently rings and gaps, shape and change the chemical and physical…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2020-12-17 Felipe Alarcon , Richard Teague , Ke Zhang , Edwin Bergin , Marcelo Barraza-Alfaro

The long-term evolution of a circumstellar disk starting from its formation and ending in the T Tauri phase was simulated numerically with the purpose of studying the evolution of dust in the disk with distinct values of viscous…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2018-07-04 Eduard Vorobyov , Vitaly Akimkin , Olga Stoyanovskaya , Yaroslav Pavlyuchenkov , Hauyu Baobab Liu

According to the current paradigm of circumstellar disk evolution, gas-rich primordial disks evolve into gas-poor debris disks compose of second-generation dust. To explore the transition between these phases, we searched for $^{12}$CO,…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2017-11-15 A. Moór , M. Curé , Á. Kóspál , P. Ábrahám , T. Csengeri , C. Eiroa , D. Gunawan , Th. Henning , A. M. Hughes , A. Juhász , N. Pawellek , M. Wyatt

ALMA has revealed that the millimetre dust structures of protoplanetary discs are extremely diverse. It has been proposed that the strength of H$_2$O emission in the inner disc particularly depends on the influx of icy pebbles from the…

We present the first comprehensive, comparative Spitzer/IRS study of the dust and gas properties of disks around young sun-like stars (K1-M5) and cool stars/brown dwarfs (M5-M9). The comparison of these two large samples of over 60 sources…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2011-02-11 I. Pascucci , D. Apai , K. Luhman , Th. Henning , J. Bouwman , M. Meyer , F. Lahuis , A. Natta
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