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We have developed a new method to approach the missing baryons problem. We assume that the missing baryons reside in a form of Warm Hot Intergalactic Medium, i.e. the WHIM. Our method consists of (a) detecting the coherent large scale…

We review the current high-significance X-ray detections of Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium (WHIM) filaments at z>0 along the lines of sight to the two blazars Mrk 421 (z=0.03) and 1ES 1028+511 (z=0.361). For these WHIM filaments, we derive…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-10 Fabrizio Nicastro , Martin Elvis , Fabrizio Fiore , Smita Mathur

Context. A significant fraction of the predicted baryons remains undetected in the local universe. We adopted the common assumption that a large fraction of the missing baryons corresponds to the hot (log T(K) = 5.5-7) phase of the Warm Hot…

This paper presents an updated scaling relation between the optical luminosity density (LD) of galaxies in the $r$ band and the density of the warm-hot intergalactic medium (WHIM) in cosmic filaments, using the high-resolution EAGLE…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2022-04-06 Patrick Holt , Toni Tuominen , Jukka Nevalainen , Massimiliano Bonamente , Teet Kuutma , Pekka Heinämäki , Elmo Tempel

Context. The physical state of most of the baryonic matter in the local universe is unknown, which is commonly referred to as the ``missing baryon problem". It is theorized that at least half of these missing baryons are in a warm-hot,…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2023-07-05 Cagri Erciyes , Kaustuv Basu , Suk Kim , Soo-Chang Rey

The Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium (WHIM) is believed to host a significant fraction of the ``missing baryons'' in the nearby Universe. Its signature has been detected in the X-ray absorption spectra of distant quasars. However, its…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2023-05-31 G. Parimbelli , E. Branchini , M. Viel , F. Villaescusa-Navarro , J. ZuHone

Most of cosmic baryons predicted by the big-bang nucleosynthesis has evaded the direct detection. Recent numerical simulations indicate that approximately 30 to 50 percent of the total baryons in the present universe is supposed to take a…

A significant fraction of the local Universe's baryonic content remains undetected. Cosmological simulations indicate that most of the missing baryons reside in cosmic filaments in the form of warm-hot intergalactic medium (WHIM). The…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2025-06-19 Konstantinos Migkas , Florian Pacaud , Toni Tuominen , Nabila Aghanim

The amount of detected baryons in the local Universe is at least a factor of two smaller than measured at high redshift. It is believed that a significant fraction of the baryons in the current Universe is "hiding" in a hot filamentary…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2014-11-18 M. Galeazzi , A. Gupta , E. Ursino

At low redshift (z<2), almost half of the baryons in the Universe are not found in bound structures like galaxies and clusters and therefore most likely reside in a Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium (WHIM), as predicted by simulations. Attempts…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-13 X. Barcons

Based on constraints from Big Bang nucleosynthesis and the cosmic microwave background, the baryon content of the high-redshift Universe can be precisely determined. However, at low redshift, about one-third of the baryons remain…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2019-02-20 Orsolya E. Kovacs , Akos Bogdan , Randall K. Smith , Ralph P. Kraft , William R. Forman

A large fraction of baryons predicted from the standard cosmology has been missing observationally. Although previous numerical simulations have indicated that most of the missing baryons reside in large-scale filaments in the form of Warm…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2017-09-20 Toshihiro Horii , Shinsuke Asaba , Kenji Hasegawa , Hiroyuki Tashiro

We make use of a 500ks Chandra HRC-S/LETG spectrum of the blazar H2356-309, combined with a lower S/N spectrum of the same target, to search for the presence of warm-hot absorbing gas associated with two Large-Scale Structures (LSSs)…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-18 L. Zappacosta , F. Nicastro , R. Maiolino , G. Tagliaferri , D. A. Buote , T. Fang , P. J. Humphrey , F. Gastaldello

About half of the expected total baryon budget in the local Universe is `missing'. Hydrodynamical simulations suggest that most of the missing baryons are located in a mildly overdense, warm-hot intergalactic medium (WHIM), which is…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2018-03-14 Susana Planelles , Petar Mimica , Vicent Quilis , Carlos Cuesta-Martínez

Hydrodynamical simulations indicate that substantial fraction of baryons in the Universe remains in a diffuse component - Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium (WHIM). To determine physical properties (spatial distribution, temperature and density)…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-11 Andrzej M. Soltan

The relationship between galaxies and the state/chemical enrichment of the warm-hot intergalactic medium (WHIM) expected to dominate the baryon budget at low-z provides sensitive constraints on structure formation and galaxy evolution…

The observational and theoretical status of the search for missing cosmological baryons is summarized, with a discussion of some indirect methods of detection. The thermal interpretation of the cluster soft X-ray and EUV excess phenomenon…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2011-02-11 Richard Lieu , Max Bonamente

Context. Hydrodynamical cosmological simulations based on the $\Lambda$-Cold Dark Matter ($\Lambda$CDM) model predict that $\sim$40% of the baryons in the local Universe are missing. These missing baryons are predicted to lie in low-density…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2026-05-29 Joseph Fisher , Antonio Martin-Carrillo , Thomas Dauser , Jörn Wilms , Joop Schaye , Didier Barret

The "missing baryons", in the form of warm-hot intergalactic medium (WHIM), are expected to reside in cosmic filamentary structures that can be traced by signposts such as large-scale galaxy superstructures. The clear detection of an X-ray…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-18 Bin Ren , Taotao Fang , David A. Buote

We discuss physical properties and the baryonic content of the Warm-hot Intergalactic Medium (WHIM) at low redshifts. Cosmological simulations predict that the WHIM contains a large fraction of the baryons at z=0 in the form of…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-10 P. Richter , B. D. Savage , T. M. Tripp , K. R. Sembach
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