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Metastable cosmic strings are a common prediction of grand unified theories and act as a source of a gravitational-wave background (GWB) that can explain the 2023 pulsar timing array (PTA) signal. In this paper, we revisit the GWB signal…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2026-05-01 Doa Hashemi Asl , Kai Schmitz

We estimate the stochastic gravitational wave (GW) background signal from the field population of coalescing binary stellar mass black holes (BHs) throughout the Universe. This study is motivated by recent observations of BH-Wolf-Rayet star…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2011-09-15 Xing-Jiang Zhu , Eric Howell , Tania Regimbau , David Blair , Zong-Hong Zhu

We compute the expected strain power spectrum and energy density parameter of the stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) created by a network of long cosmic strings evolving during the whole cosmic history. As opposed to other…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2022-10-05 Disrael Camargo Neves da Cunha , Christophe Ringeval , François R. Bouchet

We perform the first search for an isotropic non-tensorial gravitational-wave background (GWB) allowed in general metric theories of gravity in the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav) 12.5-year data set.…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2025-03-28 Zu-Cheng Chen , Chen Yuan , Qing-Guo Huang

We find the inferred properties of the putative gravitational wave background in the second data release of the European Pulsar Timing Array to be in better agreement with theoretical expectations under the improved noise model. In…

A low-frequency gravitational-wave background (GWB) from the cosmic merger history of supermassive black holes is expected to be detected in the next few years by pulsar timing arrays. A GWB induces distinctive correlations in the pulsar…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2018-10-30 Chiara M. F. Mingarelli , Angelo B. Mingarelli

Pulsar Timing Arrays are playing a crucial role in the ongoing gravitational wave astronomy revolution. The current evidence for a stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) at nHz frequencies offers an opportunity to discover…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2025-04-07 Chiara Cecchini , Gabriele Franciolini , Mauro Pieroni

We use large N-body simulations and empirical scaling relations between dark matter halos, galaxies, and supermassive black holes to estimate the formation rates of supermassive black hole binaries and the resulting low-frequency stochastic…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2016-03-11 Elinore Roebber , Gilbert Holder , Daniel Holz , Michael Warren

Pulsar timing arrays have found evidence for a low-frequency gravitational wave background (GWB). Assuming the GWB is produced by supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs), the next gravitational wave (GW) signals astronomers anticipate are…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2024-04-24 Emiko C. Gardiner , Luke Zoltan Kelley , Anna-Malin Lemke , Andrea Mitridate

Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) experiments have entered a new era with evidence for a nanoHertz gravitational wave background (GWB). This review describes the physics of detection, detailing the noise models and cross-correlation techniques…

We present results of an all-sky search in the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array (PPTA) Data Release 1 data set for continuous gravitational waves (GWs) in the frequency range from $5\times 10^{-9}$ to $2\times 10^{-7}$ Hz. Such signals could be…

Pulsar timing arrays are sensitive to low-frequency gravitational waves (GWs), which induce correlated changes in millisecond pulsars' timing residuals. PTA collaborations around the world have recently announced evidence of a nanohertz…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2024-10-24 Shashwat C. Sardesai , Joseph Simon , Sarah J. Vigeland

We revisit the possibility and detectability of a stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) produced by a cosmological population of newborn neutron stars (NSs) with r-mode instabilities. We show that the resultant SGWB is insensitive…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2011-03-18 Xing-Jiang Zhu , Xi-Long Fan , Zong-Hong Zhu

We examine the spectrum of gravitational radiation emitted by a network of cosmic strings, with emphasis on the observational constraints and the opportunities for detection. The analysis improves over past work, as we use a…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-12-30 R. R. Caldwell , R. A. Battye , E. P. S. Shellard

The circular polarization of the stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) is a key observable for characterising the origin of the signal detected by Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) collaborations. Both the astrophysical and the…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2024-06-10 N. M. Jiménez Cruz , Ameek Malhotra , Gianmassimo Tasinato , Ivonne Zavala

Observations have revealed that nearly all galaxies contain supermassive black holes (SMBHs) at their centers. When galaxies merge, these SMBHs form SMBH binaries (SMBHBs) that emit low-frequency gravitational waves (GWs). The incoherent…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2018-08-14 Sarah J. Vigeland , Kristina Islo , Stephen R. Taylor , Justin A. Ellis

The noise in millisecond pulsar (MSP) timing data can include contributions from observing instruments, the interstellar medium, the solar wind, solar system ephemeris errors, and the pulsars themselves. The noise environment must be…

Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs), aimed at detecting gravitational waves (GWs) in the $1\sim 100$ nHz range, have recently made significant strides. Compelling evidence has emerged for a common spectrum signal spatially correlated among pulsars,…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2024-07-31 Yu-Mei Wu , Yan-Chen Bi , Qing-Guo Huang

Identifying the anisotropies in a cosmologically sourced stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) would be of significance in shedding light on the nature of primordial inhomogeneities. For example, if SGWB carries isocurvature…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2023-12-18 Yanou Cui , Soubhik Kumar , Raman Sundrum , Yuhsin Tsai

Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) observations hinted towards the existence of a stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) in the nHz frequency band. Still, the nature of the SGWB signal cannot be confidently inferred from current data, and…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2024-04-04 Stanislav Babak , Mikel Falxa , Gabriele Franciolini , Mauro Pieroni