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Solid embryos of the Earth and the Moon, as well as trans-Neptunian binaries, could form as a result of contraction of the rarefied condensation which was parental for a binary. The angular momentum of the condensation needed for formation…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2016-07-26 S. I. Ipatov

Embryos of the Moon and the Earth may have formed as a result of contraction of a common parental rarefied condensation. The required angular momentum of this condensation could largely be acquired in a collision of two rarefied…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2020-03-24 S. I. Ipatov

Migration of planetesimals from the feeding zone of the terrestrial planets, which was divided into seven regions depending on the distance to the Sun, was simulated. The influence of gravity of all planets was taken into account. In some…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2020-03-26 S. I. Ipatov

Most of the properties of the Earth-Moon system can be explained by a collision between a planetary embryo and the growing Earth late in the accretion process. Simulations show that most of the material that eventually aggregates to form…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-24 Alessandra Mastrobuono-Battisti , Hagai B. Perets , Sean N. Raymond

The paper discusses a model of the bombardment of the Earth and the Moon by small bodies when these planets were formed. It is shown that the total ice mass delivered with the bodies to the Earth from the feeding zone of the giant planets…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-12-14 M. Ya. Marov , S. I. Ipatov

The giant impact hypothesis is the dominant theory of how the Earth-Moon system was formed. Models have been created that can produce a disk of debris with the proper mass and composition to create our Moon. Models have also been created…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2013-07-29 Justin C. Eiland , Travis C. Salzillo , Brett H. Hokr , Justin L. Highland , Bryant M. Wyatt

The Moon is generally thought to have formed from the debris ejected by the impact of a planet-sized object with the proto-Earth towards the end of planetary accretion. Modeling of the impact process predicts that the lunar material was…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2016-04-19 Kaveh Pahlevan , Alessandro Morbidelli

The Earth-Moon system is unusual in several respects. The Moon is roughly 1/4 the radius of the Earth - a larger satellite-to-planet size ratio than all known satellites other than Pluto's Charon. The Moon has a tiny core, perhaps with only…

The final sizes, composition, and angular momenta of solid planetary bodies depend on the outcomes of collisions between planetary embryos. The most common numerical method for simulating embryo collisions is to combine a gravity solver…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-11-02 Jeremy L. Smallwood , Jeffrey S. Lee , Lorin S. Matthews , Bryant M. Wyatt

The evolution of the orbits of bodies ejected from the Earth has been studied at the stage of its accumulation and early evolution after impacts of large planetesimals. In the considered variants of calculations of the motion of bodies…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-05-31 S. I. Ipatov

According to the giant impact theory, the Moon formed by accreting the circum-terrestrial debris disk produced by Theia colliding with the proto-Earth. The giant impact theory can explain most of the properties of the Earth-Moon system,…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-05-15 Wenshuai Liu

The Earth's comparatively massive moon, formed via a giant impact on the proto-Earth, has played an important role in the development of life on our planet, both in the history and strength of the ocean tides and in stabilizing the chaotic…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-28 Sebastian Elser , Ben Moore , Joachim Stadel , Ryuji Morishima

The Earth-Moon system is suggested to have formed through a single giant collision, in which the Moon accreted from the impact-generated debris disk. However, such giant impacts are rare, and during its evolution the Earth experienced many…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2018-08-01 Robert I. Citron , Hagai B. Perets , Oded Aharonson

The solar system planets are benchmarks for the planet formation theory. Yet two paradigms coexist for the four terrestrial planets: the prolonged collisional growth among planetesimals lasting $>100$ million years (Myr) and the fast…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-11-25 Tong Fang , Rongxi Bi , Hui Zhang , You Zhou , Christian Reinhardt , Hongping Deng

Migration of bodies under the gravitational influence of almost formed planets was studied, and probabilities of their collisions with the Earth and other terrestrial planets were calculated. Based on the probabilities, several conclusions…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2026-01-12 S. I. Ipatov

It is likely that multiple bodies with masses between those of Mars and Earth ("planetary embryos") formed in the outer planetesimal disk of the solar system. Some of these were likely scattered by the giant planets into orbits with…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2018-01-31 Kedron Silsbee , Scott Tremaine

During the last stages of the terrestrial planet formation, planets grow mainly through giant-impacts with large planetary embryos. The Earth's Moon was suggested to form through one of these impacts. However, since the proto-Earth has…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2018-07-11 Uri Malamud , Hagai B. Perets , Christoph Schafer , Christoph Burger

We show that the assembly of the Solar System terrestrial planets can be successfully modelled with all of the mass initially confined to a narrow annulus between 0.7 and 1.0 AU. With this configuration, analogues of Mercury and Mars often…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-13 Brad Hansen

The hypothesis of lunar origin by a single giant impact can explain some aspects of the Earth-Moon system. However, it is difficult to reconcile giant impact models with the compositional similarity of the Earth and Moon without violating…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2019-03-07 Raluca Rufu , Oded Aharonson , Hagai B. Perets

According to the giant impact theory, the Moon formed through accreting the debris disk produced by a collision between Theia and the proto-Earth, and the predicted lunar orbital inclination relative to the Earth's equatorial plane is about…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2026-04-01 Wenshuai Liu
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