相关论文: Entropy and the Cosmic Ray Particle Energy Distrib…
We have recently shown that the cosmic ray energy distributions as detected on earthbound, low flying balloon or high flying satellite detectors can be computed by employing the heats of evaporation of high energy particles from…
In a recent letter, the AMS collaboration reported the detailed and extensive data concerning the distribution in energy of electron and positron cosmic rays. A central result of the experimental work resides in the energy regime $30\ {\rm…
Dissipative processes cause collisionless plasmas in many systems to develop nonthermal particle distributions with broad power-law tails. The prevalence of power-law energy distributions in space/astrophysical observations and kinetic…
From the analysis of the flux of high energy particles, $E>3\cdot 10^{18}eV$, it is shown that the distribution of the power density of extragalactic rays over energy is of the power law, ${\bar q}(E)\propto E^{-2.7}$, with the same index…
Cosmic Ray nuclei in the energy range 100 MeV/nuc - 100 GeV/nuc provide crucial information about the physical properties of the Galaxy. They can also be used to answer questions related to astroparticle physics. This paper reviews the…
The dependence of the transmission coefficient on the deformation, the collective rotation and excitation energy of the compound nucleus emitting light particles is introduced in the framework of Wei{\ss}kopf's evaporation theory. The…
Possible entropy constraints on particle acceleration spectra are discussed. Solar flare models invoke a variety of initial distributions of the primary energy release over the particles of the flare plasma -- ie., the partition of the…
We derive explicit, algebraic expressions for the steady-state number density of cosmic ray electrons as a function of position and energy using Green's function of the diffusion equation with energy losses for an axisymmetric distributions…
A new conceptual approach for examining the origin of cosmic rays is developed by considering the characteristics of particle trajectory distributions in four-dimensional Euclidean space-time. Transformation of an isotropic distribution…
We consider the propagation of galactic cosmic rays under assumption that the interstellar medium is a fractal one. An anomalous diffusion equation in terms of fractional derivatives is used to describe of cosmic ray propagation. The…
We obtain the dipolar anisotropies in the arrival directions of ultra-high energy cosmic ray nuclei diffusing from nearby extragalactic sources. We consider mixed-composition scenarios in which different cosmic ray nuclei are accelerated up…
The determination of the injection composition of cosmic ray nuclei within astrophysical sources requires sufficiently accurate descriptions of the source physics and the propagation - apart from controlling astrophysical uncertainties. We…
Air shower experiments have detected cosmic ray events of energies upto 300 EeV. Most likely these cosmic rays have originated from compact objects. Their exact sources are yet to be identified. It has been suggested before that gamma ray…
We present a calculation of the production of neutrinos during propagation of ultra-high energy cosmic rays from their astrophysical sources to us. Photoproduction interactions are modeled with the event generator SOPHIA that represents…
It has long been observed that the number of weak lines from many-electron atoms follows a power law distribution of intensity. While computer simulations have reproduced this dependence, its origin has not yet been clarified. Here we…
Cosmic rays are charged relativistic particles that reach the Earth with extremely high energies, providing striking evidence of the existence of effective accelerators in the Universe. Below an energy around $\sim 10^{17}$ eV cosmic rays…
The nuclear photo-emulsion technique is used to study the information carried by the medium energy nucleons produced in heavy ion collisions. Multiplicity, energies as well as the angular distribution of this type of particles are measured.…
It is presumed that the observed cosmic rays up to about $3\times 10^{18}$ eV are of Galactic origin, the particles being the ones which are found in the composition of the stellar winds of stars that explode as supernova into the…
We obtain the dipolar anisotropies in the arrival directions of ultra-high energy cosmic rays diffusing from nearby extragalactic sources. We discuss both the energy regime of spatial diffusion and the quasi-rectilinear one leading to just…
Electron evaporation plays an important role in the electron temperature evolution and thus expansion rate in low-density ultracold plasmas. In addition, evaporation is useful as a potential tool for obtaining colder electron temperatures…