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Reinforcement Learning, particularly through policy gradient methods, has played a central role in enabling reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models. However, the optimization stability of policy gradients in this setting remains…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Luckeciano C. Melo , Alessandro Abate , Yarin Gal

When optimising for conditional value at risk (CVaR) using policy gradients (PG), current methods rely on discarding a large proportion of trajectories, resulting in poor sample efficiency. We propose a reformulation of the CVaR…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-22 Harry Mead , Clarissa Costen , Bruno Lacerda , Nick Hawes

Modern AI systems lack a way to express and enforce requirements. Pre-training produces intelligence, and post-training optimizes preferences, but neither guarantees that models reliably satisfy explicit, context-dependent constraints. This…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-12-18 David Ball

Advances in the experimental demonstration of quantum processors have provoked a surge of interest to the idea of practical implementation of quantum computing over last years. It is expected that the use of quantum algorithms will…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-08-17 Egor E. Nuzhin , Dmitry Yudin

Deep Reinforcement Learning (Deep RL) has had incredible achievements on high dimensional problems, yet its learning process remains unstable even on the simplest tasks. Deep RL uses neural networks as function approximators. These neural…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-10-18 Riccardo Della Vecchia , Alena Shilova , Philippe Preux , Riad Akrour

Interpretable policy learning seeks to estimate intelligible decision policies from observed actions; however, existing models force a tradeoff between accuracy and interpretability, limiting data-driven interpretations of human…

Batch reinforcement learning enables policy learning without direct interaction with the environment during training, relying exclusively on previously collected sets of interactions. This approach is, therefore, well-suited for high-risk…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-18 Amna Najib , Stefan Depeweg , Phillip Swazinna

This paper investigates recursive feasibility, recursive robust stability and near-optimality properties of policy iteration (PI). For this purpose, we consider deterministic nonlinear discrete-time systems whose inputs are generated by PI…

Black-box policy optimization is a class of reinforcement learning algorithms that explores and updates the policies at the parameter level. This class of algorithms is widely applied in robotics with movement primitives or…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-03-22 Marius Memmel , Puze Liu , Davide Tateo , Jan Peters

Constraint Programming (CP) has been successfully used to model and solve complex combinatorial problems. However, modeling is often not trivial and requires expertise, which is a bottleneck to wider adoption. In Constraint Acquisition…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-12-19 Dimos Tsouros , Senne Berden , Tias Guns

Variable importance assessment has become a crucial step in machine-learning applications when using complex learners, such as deep neural networks, on large-scale data. Removal-based importance assessment is currently the reference…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-27 Ahmad Chamma , Denis A. Engemann , Bertrand Thirion

Humans and animals solve a difficult problem much more easily when they are presented with a sequence of problems that starts simple and slowly increases in difficulty. We explore this idea in the context of reinforcement learning. Rather…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-12-06 Jan Malte Lichtenberg , Özgür Şimşek

We study algorithms for average-cost reinforcement learning problems with value function approximation. Our starting point is the recently proposed POLITEX algorithm, a version of policy iteration where the policy produced in each iteration…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-08-29 Yasin Abbasi-Yadkori , Nevena Lazic , Csaba Szepesvari , Gellert Weisz

We consider off-policy policy evaluation with function approximation (FA) in average-reward MDPs, where the goal is to estimate both the reward rate and the differential value function. For this problem, bootstrapping is necessary and,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-10-19 Shangtong Zhang , Yi Wan , Richard S. Sutton , Shimon Whiteson

Even if path planning can be solved using standard techniques from dynamic programming and control, the problem can also be approached using probabilistic inference. The algorithms that emerge using the latter framework bear some appealing…

Direct policy gradient methods for reinforcement learning are a successful approach for a variety of reasons: they are model free, they directly optimize the performance metric of interest, and they allow for richly parameterized policies.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-08-14 Alekh Agarwal , Mikael Henaff , Sham Kakade , Wen Sun

The options framework is a popular approach for building temporally extended actions in reinforcement learning. In particular, the option-critic architecture provides general purpose policy gradient theorems for learning actions from…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-02-07 Matthew Riemer , Ignacio Cases , Clemens Rosenbaum , Miao Liu , Gerald Tesauro

Policy gradient methods are powerful reinforcement learning algorithms and have been demonstrated to solve many complex tasks. However, these methods are also data-inefficient, afflicted with high variance gradient estimates, and frequently…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-05-15 Andreas Doerr , Michael Volpp , Marc Toussaint , Sebastian Trimpe , Christian Daniel

Learning in a lifelong setting, where the dynamics continually evolve, is a hard challenge for current reinforcement learning algorithms. Yet this would be a much needed feature for practical applications. In this paper, we propose an…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-12-14 Pierre Liotet , Francesco Vidaich , Alberto Maria Metelli , Marcello Restelli

We study the sample complexity of approximate policy iteration (PI) for the Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR), building on a recent line of work using LQR as a testbed to understand the limits of reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-05-31 Karl Krauth , Stephen Tu , Benjamin Recht