相关论文: Ground Level Enhancement in the 2014 January 6 Sol…

We report on the 2012 May 17 Ground Level Enhancement (GLE) event, which is the first of its kind in Solar Cycle 24. This is the first GLE event to be fully observed close to the surface by the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory…

We report on the 2017 September 10 ground level enhancement (GLE) event associated with a coronal mass ejection (CME) whose initial acceleration (~9.1km s^-2) and initial speed (~4300 km/s) were among the highest observed in the SOHO era.…

Ground level enhancements (GLEs) are extreme solar energetic particle (SEP) events that are of particular importance in space weather. In solar cycle 24, two GLEs were recorded on 2012 May 17 (GLE 71) and 2017 September 10 (GLE 72),…

We present an overview of the observed properties of the GLEs and those of the associated flares and CMEs. The solar eruptions are very intense involving X-class flares and extreme CME speeds (average ~2000 km/s). The active regions in…

Intense solar energetic particle (SEP) events data, associated with ground level enhancements (GLEs), occurred during 1989 to 2006 have been obtained from the spectrometers on board GOES spacecraft in the energy range 10-100 MeV. The…

The Sun is already in the declining phase of cycle 24, but the paucity of high-energy solar energetic particle (SEP) events continues with only two ground level enhancement (GLE) events as of March 31, 2015. In an attempt to understand…

On September 10 2017, a fast coronal mass ejection (CME) erupted from the active region (AR) 12673, leading to a ground level enhancement (GLE) event at Earth. Using the 2D improved Particle Acceleration and Transport in the Heliosphere…

Aims. The first relativistic solar proton event of solar cycle 25 (SC25) was detected on 28 October 2021 by neutron monitors (NMs) on the ground and particle detectors onboard spacecraft in the near-Earth space. This is the first ground…

We examined the source regions and coronal environment of the historical ground level enhancement (GLE) events in search of evidence for non-radial motion of the associated coronal mass ejection (CME). For the 13 GLE events that had source…

The conventional definition of ground-level enhancement (GLE) events requires a detection of solar energetic particles (SEP) by at least two differently located neutron monitors. Some places are exceptionally well suitable for ground-based…

High energy solar protons were observed by particle detectors aboard spacecraft in near-Earth orbit on May 11, 2024 and produced the 74th ground level enhancement (GLE74) event registered by ground-based neutron monitors. This study…

Ground Level Enhancement (GLE) in large solar energetic particle (SEP) events is indicative of protons accelerated to GeV energies. Almost all GLE events are associated with sustained gamma-ray emission (SGRE) from the Sun because the…

On Oct. 29th, 2015, the Earth crossed through a fold in the heliospheric current sheet. This is called a "solar sector boundary crossing". Under this circumstances, a large coronal mass ejection (CME) occurred at 2:24 UT, behind the west…

Ground level events (GLEs) occupy the high-energy end of gradual solar energetic particle (SEP) events. They are associated with coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and solar flares, but we still do not clearly understand the special conditions…

The backside coronal mass ejection (CME) of 2012 July 23 had a short Sun to Earth shock transit time (18.5 hours). The associated solar energetic particle (SEP) event had a >10 MeV proton flux peaking at ~5000 pfu, and the energetic storm…

{\sl Ground Level Enhancement (GLE)} events represent the largest class of {\sl solar energetic particle (SEP)} events that require acceleration processes to produce $\gapprox 1$ GeV ions in order to produce showers of secondary particles…

On May 17, 2012 an M5.1-class flare exploded from the sun. An O-type coronal mass ejection (CME) was also associated with this flare. There was an instant increase in proton flux with peak at $\geq 100$ MeV, leading to S2 solar radiation…

Large solar eruptive events, including solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs), can lead to solar energetic particle (SEP) events. During these events, protons are accelerated up to several GeV and pose numerous space weather risks.…

Aims. We studied the first multi-spacecraft high-energy solar energetic particle (SEP) event of solar cycle 25, which triggered a ground level enhancement (GLE) on 28 October 2021, using data from multiple observers that were widely…

High-energy particles were recorded by near-Earth spacecraft and ground-based neutron monitors (NMs) on 2012 May 17. This event was the first ground level enhancement (GLE) of solar cycle 24. In this study, we try to identify the…