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The Sun is an active star that can launch large eruptions of magnetised plasma into the heliosphere, called coronal mass ejections (CMEs). These ejections can drive shocks that accelerate particles to high energies, often resulting in radio…

Shocks associated with Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections are known to energize charged particles and give rise to Solar Energetic Particles. Many of these energetic particles move ahead of the shock to create a foreshock region. The…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-04-30 Shanwlee Sow Mondal , Aveek Sarkar , Sofiane Bourouaine

We present simulation results of a gradual solar energetic particle (SEP) event detected on 2021 October 9 by multiple spacecraft, including BepiColombo (Bepi) and near-Earth spacecraft such as the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE). A…

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are large-scale ejections of plasma and magnetic field from the solar corona, which propagate through interplanetary space at velocities of $\sim$100--2500~km~s$^{-1}$. Although plane-of-sky coronagraph…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2011-06-09 Shane A. Maloney , Peter T. Gallagher

We report on 49 fast-mode forward shocks propagating inside coronal mass ejections (CMEs) as measured by Wind and ACE at 1 AU from 1997 to 2006. Compared to typical CME-driven shocks, these shocks propagate in different upstream conditions,…

空间物理 · 物理学 2015-06-03 N. Lugaz , C. J. Farrugia , C. W. Smith , K. Paulson

This paper presents a stochastic three-dimensional (3D) focused transport simulation of solar energetic particles (SEPs) produced by a data-driven coronal mass ejection (CME) shock propagating through a data-driven model of coronal and…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-02-08 Lei Cheng , Ming Zhang , David Lario , Laura A. Balmaceda , Ryun Young Kwon , Christina Cohen

Shock waves driven by fast and wide coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are highly efficient particle accelerators involved in the production of solar energetic particle (SEP) events. The gradual SEP event measured by STEREO-A and B on October…

We present a novel method to evaluate the Alfven speed and the magnetic field strength along the streamer plasma sheet in the outer corona. The method is based on recent observations of streamer waves, which are regarded as the fast kink…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-20 Y. Chen , S. W. Feng , B. Li , H. Q. Song , L. D. Xia , X. L. Kong , Xing Li

We combine observations of the Coronal Multi-channel Polarimeter (CoMP) and the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) to study the characteristic properties of (propagating) Alfvenic motions and…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-07-02 Jiajia Liu , Scott W. McIntosh , Ineke De Moortel , Yuming Wang

Observations of the interplanetary shock provide us with strong evidence of particle acceleration to multi-MeV energies, even up to GeV energy, in a solar flare or coronal mass ejection (CME). Diffusive shock acceleration is an efficient…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2015-03-13 Xin Wang , Yihua Yan

Recent observations have shown that coronal shocks driven by coronal mass ejections can develop and accelerate particles within several solar radii in large solar energetic particle (SEP) events. Motivated by this, we present an SEP…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2017-12-20 Xiangliang Kong , Fan Guo , Joe Giacalone , Hui Li , Yao Chen

We present a 2D kinematic model to study the acceleration of solar energetic particles (SEPs) at a shock driven by a coronal mass ejection. The shock is assumed to be spherical about an origin that is offset from the center of the Sun. This…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-06-27 Xiaohang Chen , Joe Giacalone , Fan Guo

Alfv\'enic fluctuations of various scales are ubiquitous in the corona; their non-linear interactions and eventual turbulent cascade result in an important heating mechanism that accelerates the solar wind. These fluctuations may be…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-11-08 Chaitanya Prasad Sishtla , Jens Pomoell , Rami Vainio , Emilia Kilpua , Simon Good

The analysis of energy balance of coronal holes gives that to accelerate the fast solar wind streams the energy flux of the order of 800 erg/cm$^2$ s is needed. Axford and McKenzie suggested that the energy source, necessary to accelerate…

等离子体物理 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Andrei Sadovski

Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) influence the interplanetary environment over vast distances in the solar system by injecting huge clouds of fast solar plasma and energetic particles (SEPs). A number of fundamental questions remain about how…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-06-01 Oleg Stepanyuk , Kamen Kozarev , Mohamed Nedal

Shocks driven by Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) are primary agents of space weather. They can accelerate particles to high energies and can compress the magnetosphere thus setting in motion geomagnetic storms. For many years, these shocks…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2012-07-09 Angelos Vourlidas , Alessandro Bemporad

We use 2.5-D electromagnetic particle-in-cell simulation code to investigate the acceleration of electrons in solar coronal holes through the interaction of Alfv\'en waves with an interplume region. The interplume is modeled by a cavity…

空间物理 · 物理学 2019-04-30 Khalil Daiffallah , Fabrice Mottez

We investigate the propagation of the 2015 June 21 CME-driven shock as revealed by the type II bursts at metric and longer wavelengths and coronagraph observations. The CME was associated with the second largest geomagnetic storm of solar…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2018-08-29 N. Gopalswamy , P. Makela , S. Akiyama , S. Yashiro , H. Xie , N. Thakur

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) may disturb the solar wind either by overtaking it, or by expanding into it, or both. CMEs whose front moves faster in the solar wind frame than the fast magnetosonic speed, drive shocks. Such shocks are…

Solar energetic particle (SEP) events are associated with coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and/or solar flares. SEPs travel through the corona and interplanetary space to reach Earth, posing a radiation hazard to spacecraft and astronauts…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-11-07 Lei Cheng , Ming Zhang , Ryun Young Kwon , David Lario