相关论文: Solvation of Intrinsic Positive Charge in Superflu…
We report on the production and study of stable, highly charged droplets of superfluid helium. Using a novel experimental setup we produce neutral beams of liquid helium nanodroplets containing millions of atoms or more that can be ionized…
We study superfluid helium droplets multiply charged with ions. When stable, the charges are found to reside in equilibrium close to the droplet surface, thus representing a physical realization of Thomson's model. We find the minimum…
The problem of correct definition of the charge carrier effective mass in superfluid helium is revised. It is demonstrated that the effective mass $M$ of a such quasiparticle can be introduced without use of the Atkins's idea concerning the…
The $1s^2->1s2p(^1P)$ excitation in confined and compressed helium atoms in either the bulk material or encapsulated in a bubble is shifted to energies higher than that in the free atom. For bulk helium, the energy shifts predicted from…
A frozen, solid helium core, dubbed snowball, is typically observed around cations in liquid helium. Here we discover, using path integral simulations, that around a cationic molecular impurity, protonated methane, the $^4$He atoms are…
A semi-phenomenological model of a many-particle system of 4He atoms is proposed, in which a helium atom is considered as a complex consisting of a nucleus and a bound pair of electrons in the singlet state. At zero temperature, there are…
Helium nanodroplets are doped with cesium and molecular hydrogen and subsequently ionized by electrons. Mass spectra reveal H$_x$Cs$^{+}$ ions that contain as many as 130 hydrogen atoms. Two features in the spectra are striking: First, the…
We present a simple numerical procedure for calculating the irrotational hydrodynamic flow in a helium solvation structure around a spherical solute in linear motion through superfluid helium. The calculation requires only the radial helium…
Recently, it was shown how the primary steps of solvation of a single Na$^+$ ion, instantly created at the surface of a nanometer-sized droplet of liquid helium, can be followed at the atomic level [Albrectsen et al. Nature $\textbf{623}$,…
We report on a combined experimental and theoretical study of Li$^+$ ions solvated by up to 50 He atoms. The experiments show clear enhanced abundances associated with He$_n$Li$^+$ clusters where $n=2$, 6, 8, and 14. We find that classical…
The observation of chemical reactions on the time scale of the motion of electrons and nuclei has been made possible by lasers with ever shortened pulse lengths. Superfluid helium represents a special solvent that permits the synthesis of…
Antiprotonic helium, a neutral exotic three-body system consisting of a helium nucleus, an electron and an antiproton, is being studied at the Antiproton Decelerator of CERN by the ASAUCSA collaboration. Using laser spectroscopy of the…
The solubility of helium in liquid metals is a knowledge of fundamental importance in the design of the future nuclear fusion reactors, since the formation of helium bubbles inside the breeding blankets of the reactors can be a threat to…
Path Integral Monte Carlo calculations of the superfluid density throughout ^4He droplets doped with linear impurities (HCN)_n are presented. After deriving a local estimator for the superfluid density distribution, we find a decreased…
The superfluid weight, free carrier density, and specific heat of the three-dimensional tJ model are calculated by renormalization-group theory. We find that optimal hole doping for superfluidity occurs in the electron density range of n_i…
The solvation process of an alkali ion (Na$^+$, K$^+$, Rb$^+$, Cs$^+$) inside a superfluid $^4$He$_{2000}$ nanodroplet is investigated theoretically using liquid $^4$He time-dependent density functional theory at zero temperature. We…
$^4$He nanodroplets doped with an alkali ion feature a snowball of crystallized layers surrounded by superfluid helium. For large droplets, we predict that a transitional supersolid layer can form, bridging between the solid core and the…
We explore the possibility that the fast and exotic negative ions in superfluid helium are electrons bound to quantized vortex structures, the simplest being a ring. In the states we consider, the electron energy is only slightly below the…
Scattering and ionizing cross sections and rates are calculated for ultracold collisions between metastable helium atoms using a fully quantum-mechanical close-coupled formalism. Homonuclear collisions of the bosonic ${}^{4}$He$^{*}…
An H atom inserted into hydrogen monolayer on the Si(100)-2x1 surface has been studied using the density functional theory. Hydrogen-induced defects were considered in their neutral, negative, and positive charge states. It was found that…