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The paper proposes a novel problem in multi-class Multiple-Instance Learning (MIL) called Learning from the Majority Label (LML). In LML, the majority class of instances in a bag is assigned as the bag's label. LML aims to classify…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-03-21 Kaito Shiku , Shinnosuke Matsuo , Daiki Suehiro , Ryoma Bise

In class-incremental learning (CIL) scenarios, the phenomenon of catastrophic forgetting caused by the classifier's bias towards the current task has long posed a significant challenge. It is mainly caused by the characteristic of…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-03-28 Xusheng Cao , Haori Lu , Linlan Huang , Xialei Liu , Ming-Ming Cheng

Multi-instance learning (MIL) deals with tasks where data is represented by a set of bags and each bag is described by a set of instances. Unlike standard supervised learning, only the bag labels are observed whereas the label for each…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-04-27 Weijia Zhang , Jiuyong Li , Lin Liu

The Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) paradigm is attracting plenty of attention in medical imaging classification, where labeled data is scarce. MIL methods cast medical images as bags of instances (e.g. patches in whole slide images, or…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-07-22 Francisco M. Castro-Macías , Pablo Morales-Álvarez , Yunan Wu , Rafael Molina , Aggelos K. Katsaggelos

We study a multiclass multiple instance learning (MIL) problem where the labels only suggest whether any instance of a class exists or does not exist in a training sample or example. No further information, e.g., the number of instances of…

机器学习 · 统计学 2019-03-15 Xi-Lin Li

We propose a new formulation of Multiple-Instance Learning (MIL), in which a unit of data consists of a set of instances called a bag. The goal is to find a good classifier of bags based on the similarity with a "shapelet" (or pattern),…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-10-14 Daiki Suehiro , Kohei Hatano , Eiji Takimoto , Shuji Yamamoto , Kenichi Bannai , Akiko Takeda

The whole slide image (WSI) classification is often formulated as a multiple instance learning (MIL) problem. Since the positive tissue is only a small fraction of the gigapixel WSI, existing MIL methods intuitively focus on identifying…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-12-22 Wenhao Tang , Sheng Huang , Xiaoxian Zhang , Fengtao Zhou , Yi Zhang , Bo Liu

Multi-instance learning (MIL) deals with objects represented as bags of instances and can predict instance labels from bag-level supervision. However, significant performance gaps exist between instance-level MIL algorithms and supervised…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-10-06 Weijia Zhang , Xuanhui Zhang , Han-Wen Deng , Min-Ling Zhang

Data scarcity and weak supervision continue to limit the performance of machine learning models in many real-world applications, such as mammography, where Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) often offers the best formulation. While recent…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Nikola Jovišić , Milica Škipina , Vanja Švenda

Mixed Integer Linear Programs (MILPs) are highly flexible and powerful tools for modeling and solving complex real-world combinatorial optimization problems. Recently, machine learning (ML)-guided approaches have demonstrated significant…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-06-13 Junyang Cai , Taoan Huang , Bistra Dilkina

A new random forest based model for solving the Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) problem under small tabular data, called Soft Tree Ensemble MIL (STE-MIL), is proposed. A new type of soft decision trees is considered, which is similar to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-02-14 Andrei V. Konstantinov , Lev V. Utkin

We apply deep learning (DL) on Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) data for the task of brain tumor detection. Medical applications often suffer from data scarcity and corruption by noise. Both of these problems are prominent in our data…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-12-17 Diyuan Lu , Gerhard Kurz , Nenad Polomac , Iskra Gacheva , Elke Hattingen , Jochen Triesch

Digitizing pathological images into gigapixel Whole Slide Images (WSIs) has opened new avenues for Computational Pathology (CPath). As positive tissue comprises only a small fraction of gigapixel WSIs, existing Multiple Instance Learning…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-09-16 Wenhao Tang , Sheng Huang , Heng Fang , Fengtao Zhou , Bo Liu , Qingshan Liu

In Multiple Instance Learning (MIL), models are trained using bags of instances, where only a single label is provided for each bag. A bag label is often only determined by a handful of key instances within a bag, making it difficult to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-03-16 Joseph Early , Christine Evers , Sarvapali Ramchurn

Multiple instance learning (MIL) is concerned with learning from sets (bags) of objects (instances), where the individual instance labels are ambiguous. In this setting, supervised learning cannot be applied directly. Often, specialized MIL…

机器学习 · 统计学 2014-12-04 Veronika Cheplygina , David M. J. Tax , Marco Loog

Multiple instance learning (MIL) stands as a powerful approach in weakly supervised learning, regularly employed in histological whole slide image (WSI) classification for detecting tumorous lesions. However, existing mainstream MIL methods…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-07-08 Wenhui Zhu , Xiwen Chen , Peijie Qiu , Aristeidis Sotiras , Abolfazl Razi , Yalin Wang

A growing number of applications, e.g. video surveillance and medical image analysis, require training recognition systems from large amounts of weakly annotated data while some targeted interactions with a domain expert are allowed to…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-05-10 Marc-André Carbonneau , Eric Granger , Ghyslain Gagnon

Whole slide image (WSI) classification is a fundamental task for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases; but, curation of accurate labels is time-consuming and limits the application of fully-supervised methods. To address this, multiple…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-07-25 Philip Chikontwe , Soo Jeong Nam , Heounjeong Go , Meejeong Kim , Hyun Jung Sung , Sang Hyun Park

We describe a novel weakly supervised deep learning framework that combines both the discriminative and generative models to learn meaningful representation in the multiple instance learning (MIL) setting. MIL is a weakly supervised…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-07-09 Shabnam Ghaffarzadegan

Multiple instance learning (MIL) problem is currently solved from either bag-classification or instance-classification perspective, both of which ignore important information contained in some instances and result in limited performance.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-08-12 Yingfan Ma , Xiaoyuan Luo , Mingzhi Yuan , Xinrong Chen , Manning Wang