相关论文: The complex dynamics of wishful thinking: The crit…

A calculational approach in fluid turbulence is presented. Use is made of the attracting nature of the fluid-dynamic dynamical system. An approximate approach is offerred that effectively propagates the statistics in time. Loss of…

Statistics is sometimes described as the science of reasoning under uncertainty. Statistical models provide one view of this uncertainty, but what is frequently neglected is the 'invisible' portion of uncertainty: that assumed not to exist…

Following discussions in 2010 and 2011, scientometric evaluators have increasingly abandoned relative indicators in favor of comparing observed with expected citation ratios. The latter method provides parameters with error values allowing…

Natural dynamical systems, including the brain and climate, are highly nonlinear and complex. Determining information flow among the components that make up these dynamical systems is challenging. If the components are the result of a…

With recent advances in natural language processing, rationalization becomes an essential self-explaining diagram to disentangle the black box by selecting a subset of input texts to account for the major variation in prediction. Yet,…

Criticisms of so called `subjective probability' come on the one hand from those who maintain that probability in physics has only a frequentistic interpretation, and, on the other, from those who tend to `objectivise' Bayesian theory,…

Mechanical characteristics of single biological cells are used to identify and possibly leverage interesting differences among cells or cell populations. Fluidity---hysteresivity normalized to the extremes of an elastic solid or a viscous…

We present a simple argument which determines the critical value of the anomaly coefficient in four dimensional conformal factor quantum gravity, at which a phase transition between a smooth and elongated phase should occur. The argument is…

Models of how things spread often assume that transmission mechanisms are fixed over time. However, social contagions--the spread of ideas, beliefs, innovations--can lose or gain in momentum as they spread: ideas can get reinforced, beliefs…

The past twenty years have seen a resurgence of interest in nonequilibrium thermodynamics, thanks to advances in the theory of stochastic processes and in their thermodynamic interpretation. Fluctuation theorems provide fundamental…

Criticality has been proposed as a mechanism for the emergence of complexity, life, and computation, as it exhibits a balance between robustness and adaptability. In classic models of complex systems where structure and dynamics are…

Concern has recently been expressed by HCI researchers as to the inappropriate treatment of qualitative studies through a positivistic mode of evaluation that places emphasis on metrics and measurement. This contrasts with the nature of…

We consider the correlations and the hydrodynamic description of random walkers with a general finite memory moving on a $d$ dimensional hypercubic lattice. We derive a drift-diffusion equation and identify a memory-dependent critical…

Qualitative and quantitative approaches to reasoning about uncertainty can lead to different logical systems for formalizing such reasoning, even when the language for expressing uncertainty is the same. In the case of reasoning about…

Critical exponent $\gamma \succeq 1.1$ characterizes behavior of the mechanical susceptibility of a real fluid when temperature approaches the critical one. It results in zero Gaussian curvature of the local shape of the critical point on…

Geometrical shock dynamics, also called CCW theory, yields approximate equations for shock propagation in which only the conditions at the shock appear explicitly; the post-shock flow is presumed approximately uniform and enters implicitly…

There are two main opposing schools of statistical reasoning, Frequentist and Bayesian approaches. Until recent days, the frequentist or classical approach has dominated the scientific research, but Bayesianism has reappeared with a strong…

Dynamical universality plays a fundamental role in understanding the scaling properties of critical dynamics, including absorbing phase transitions and physical aging. Although individual universality classes have been extensively studied,…

A viscous, lubrication-like response can be triggered in a thin film of fluid squeezed between a rigid and flat surface and the tip of an incoming projectile. We develop a comprehensive theory for this viscous approach stage of…

A model is proposed for the statistical analysis of arbitrary-strength quantum measurements, based on a picture of "sampling weak values" from different configurations of the system. The model is comprised of two elements: a "local weak…