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Sensitive and high angular resolution ($\sim$ 0.4\arcsec) SO$_2$[22$_{2,20}$ $\to$ 22$_{1,21}$] and SiO[5$\to$4] line and 1.3 and 7 mm continuum observations made with the Submillimeter Array (SMA) and the Very Large Array (VLA) towards the…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2011-02-11 Luis A. Zapata , Paul T. P. Ho , Peter Schilke , Luis F. Rodríguez , Karl Menten , Aina Palau , Robin Garrod

Observations indicate that massive stars form in regions of very high surface density, ~1 g cm^-2. Clusters containing massive stars and globular clusters have a comparable column density. The total pressure in clouds of such a column…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2008-11-26 Christopher F. McKee , Jonathan C. Tan

The infrared dark clouds (IRDCs) G11.11$-$0.12 and G28.34$+$0.06 are two of the best-studied IRDCs in our Galaxy. These two clouds host clumps at different stages of evolution, including a massive dense clump in both clouds that is dark…

We use mid-infrared to submillimeter data from the Spitzer, Herschel, and APEX telescopes to study the bright sub-mm source OMC-2 FIR 4. We find a point source at 8, 24, and 70 $\mu$m, and a compact, but extended source at 160, 350, and 870…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-19 E. Furlan , S. T. Megeath , M. Osorio , A. M. Stutz , W. J. Fischer , B. Ali , T. Stanke , P. Manoj , J. D. Adams , J. J. Tobin

We present results from our numerical simulations of collapsing massive molecular cloud cores. These numerical calculations show that massive stars assemble quickly with mass accretion rates exceeding 10^-3 Msol/yr and confirm that the mass…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2008-07-08 Robi Banerjee , Ralph E. Pudritz

We report molecular line observations, made with ASTE and SEST, and dust continuum observations at 0.87 mm, made with APEX, towards the cold dust core G305.136+0.068. The molecular observations show that the core is isolated and roughly…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2016-08-10 Guido Garay , Diego Mardones , Yanett Contreras , Jaime E. Pineda , Elise Servajean , Andrés E. Guzmán

We studied the gravitational collapse of a warm (~8000 K) primordial-gas cloud as a candidate progenitor for a supermassive star (SMS; >10^5 Msun) using a three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulation, including all the relevant cooling…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-19 Kohei Inayoshi , Kazuyuki Omukai , Elizabeth J. Tasker

To study the early phases of massive star formation, we present ALMA observations of SiO(5-4) emission and VLA observations of 6 cm continuum emission towards 32 Infrared Dark Cloud (IRDC) clumps, spatially resolved down to $\lesssim 0.05$…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2021-11-17 Mengyao Liu , Jonathan C. Tan , Joshua Marvil , Shuo Kong , Viviana Rosero , Paola Caselli , Giuliana Cosentino

We calculate numerically the collapse of slowly rotating, non-magnetic, massive molecular clumps, which conceivably could lead to the formation of massive stars. Because radiative acceleration on dust grains plays a critical role in the…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-07 Harold W. Yorke , Cordula Sonnhalter

We present a model aimed to reproduce the observed spectral energy distribution (SED) as well as the ammonia line emission of the G31.41+0.31 hot core. The core is modeled as an infalling envelope onto a massive star that is undergoing an…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2011-02-11 Mayra Osorio , Guillem Anglada , Susana Lizano , Paola D'Alessio

We present a near-infrared extinction study of the dark globule B335, a protostellar collapse candidate, using data from HST/NICMOS and the W.M. Keck Observatory. These data allow a new quantitative test of the "inside-out" collapse model…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-07 Daniel W. A. Harvey , David J. Wilner , Charles J. Lada , Philip C. Myers , Joao F. Alves , Hua Chen

Sufficiently massive clumps of molecular gas collapse under self-gravity and fragment to spawn a cluster of stars that have a range of masses. We investigate observationally the early stages of formation of a stellar cluster in a massive…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-27 Qizhou Zhang , Ke Wang , Xing Lu , Izaskun Jimenez-Serra

Fifty-one dense cores associated with water masers were mapped at 350 micron. These cores are very luminous, 10^3 < Lbol/Lsun < 10^6, indicative of the formation of massive stars. Dust continuum contour maps and photometry are presented for…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2011-05-05 Kaisa E. Mueller , Yancy L. Shirley , Neal J. Evans , Heather R. Jacobson

We use cosmological hydrodynamic simulations with unprecedented resolution to study the formation of primordial stars in an ionized gas at high redshifts. Our approach includes all the relevant atomic and molecular physics to follow the…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-13 Naoki Yoshida , Kazuyuki Omukai , Lars Hernquist

We conduct a census of the high-mass protostellar population of the $\sim70,000\:M_\odot$ Infrared Dark Cloud (IRDC) G028.37+00.07, identifying 35 sources based on their $70\:\mu$m emission, as reported in the {\it Herschel} Hi-GAL catalog…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2020-07-22 Emily Moser , Mengyao Liu , Jonathan C. Tan , Wanggi Lim , Yichen Zhang , Juan Pablo Farias

We present a comprehensive physical and chemical study of the fragmentation and star formation activity towards the massive clump AGAL G338.9188+0.5494 harbouring the extended green object EGO 338.92+0.55(b). The presence of an EGO embedded…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2023-09-20 M. E. Ortega , N. C. Martinez , S. Paron , A. Marinelli , N. L. Isequilla

A long-standing problem in low-mass star formation is the "luminosity problem," whereby protostars are underluminous compared to the accretion luminosity expected both from theoretical collapse calculations and arguments based on the…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2014-11-20 Michael M. Dunham , Neal J. Evans , Susan Terebey , Cornelis P. Dullemond , Chadwick H. Young

We report results from twelve simulations of the collapse of a molecular cloud core to form one or more protostars, comprising three field strengths (mass-to-flux ratios, {\mu}, of 5, 10, and 20) and four field geometries (with values of…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2017-08-28 Benjamin T. Lewis , Matthew R. Bate

We have observed the low-mass molecular cloud core G204.4-11.3A2-NE (G204NE) in the direction of Orion B giant molecular cloud with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array in Band 6. The $\rm 1.3\ mm$ continuum images and…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-10-31 Hsuan-I , Chou , Naomi Hirano , Masayuki Yamaguchi

How mass is accumulated from cloud-scale down to individual stars is a key open question in understanding high-mass star formation. Here, we present the mass accumulation process in a hub-filament cloud G22 which is composed of four…