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Recent work in Mechanistic Interpretability (MI) has enabled the identification and intervention of internal features in Large Language Models (LLMs). However, a persistent challenge lies in linking such internal features to the reliable…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-08 Ruikang Zhang , Shuo Wang , Qi Su

Autoencoders exhibit impressive abilities to embed the data manifold into a low-dimensional latent space, making them a staple of representation learning methods. However, without explicit supervision, which is often unavailable, the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-01-12 Felix Leeb , Stefan Bauer , Michel Besserve , Bernhard Schölkopf

In this paper we propose Structuring AutoEncoders (SAE). SAEs are neural networks which learn a low dimensional representation of data which are additionally enriched with a desired structure in this low dimensional space. While traditional…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-08-20 Marco Rudolph , Bastian Wandt , Bodo Rosenhahn

Sparse autoencoders are a promising new approach for decomposing language model activations for interpretation and control. They have been applied successfully to vision transformer image encoders and to small-scale diffusion models.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-14 Stepan Shabalin , Ayush Panda , Dmitrii Kharlapenko , Abdur Raheem Ali , Yixiong Hao , Arthur Conmy

Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) have emerged as a popular tool for interpreting the hidden states of large language models (LLMs). By learning to reconstruct activations from a sparse bottleneck layer, SAEs discover interpretable features from…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-09-19 Matthew Lyle Olson , Musashi Hinck , Neale Ratzlaff , Changbai Li , Phillip Howard , Vasudev Lal , Shao-Yen Tseng

In the last few years there have been important advancements in generative models with the two dominant approaches being Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) and Variational Autoencoders (VAEs). However, standard Autoencoders (AEs) and…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2019-07-26 Massimiliano Patacchiola , Patrick Fox-Roberts , Edward Rosten

Recently, sparse autoencoders (SAEs) have emerged as a promising technique for interpreting activations in foundation models by disentangling features into a sparse set of concepts. However, identifying the optimal level of sparsity for…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-17 Dongsheng Wang , Jinsen Zhang , Dawei Su , Hui Huang

Audio autoencoders learn useful, compressed audio representations, but their non-linear latent spaces prevent intuitive algebraic manipulation such as mixing or scaling. We introduce a simple training methodology to induce linearity in a…

声音 · 计算机科学 2026-01-29 Bernardo Torres , Manuel Moussallam , Gabriel Meseguer-Brocal

An additive autoencoder for dimension reduction, which is composed of a serially performed bias estimation, linear trend estimation, and nonlinear residual estimation, is proposed and analyzed. Computational experiments confirm that an…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-10-14 Tommi Kärkkäinen , Jan Hänninen

The autoencoder is an artificial neural network model that learns hidden representations of unlabeled data. With a linear transfer function it is similar to the principal component analysis (PCA). While both methods use weight vectors for…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2019-02-04 Ya Ju Fan

We propose split-brain autoencoders, a straightforward modification of the traditional autoencoder architecture, for unsupervised representation learning. The method adds a split to the network, resulting in two disjoint sub-networks. Each…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2017-04-21 Richard Zhang , Phillip Isola , Alexei A. Efros

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) have recently emerged as a powerful tool for interpreting the internal representations of large language models (LLMs), revealing latent latent features with semantical meaning. This interpretability has also…

其他定量生物学 · 定量生物学 2025-07-11 Haoxiang Guan , Jiyan He , Jie Zhang

In this paper, we investigate the usage of autoencoders in modeling textual data. Traditional autoencoders suffer from at least two aspects: scalability with the high dimensionality of vocabulary size and dealing with task-irrelevant words.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2015-12-15 Shuangfei Zhai , Zhongfei Zhang

Recent work shows that Sparse Autoencoders (SAE) applied to large language model (LLM) layers have neurons corresponding to interpretable concepts. These SAE neurons can be modified to align generated outputs, but only towards…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-01 Ananya Joshi , Celia Cintas , Skyler Speakman

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) have become a central tool for interpreting language models. However, two key SAE analyses that remain difficult to scale are (1) matching semantically similar features across multi-layers and (2) compressing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-28 Tue M. Cao , Nguyen Do , My T. Thai

The classical sparse coding model represents visual stimuli as a linear combination of a handful of learned basis functions that are Gabor-like when trained on natural image data. However, the Gabor-like filters learned by classical sparse…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-02-23 Jonathan Huml , Abiy Tasissa , Demba Ba

Fine-tuning pre-trained transformers is a powerful technique for enhancing the performance of base models on specific tasks. From early applications in models like BERT to fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs), this approach has been…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-25 Suneel Nadipalli

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) decompose large language model (LLM) activations into latent features that reveal mechanistic structure. Conventional SAEs train on broad data distributions, forcing a fixed latent budget to capture only…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-14 Charles O'Neill , Mudith Jayasekara , Max Kirkby

Modern text classification methods heavily rely on contextual embeddings from large language models (LLMs). Compared to human-engineered features, these embeddings provide automatic and effective representations for classification model…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-29 Xuansheng Wu , Wenhao Yu , Xiaoming Zhai , Ninghao Liu

We present a handcrafted neural network that, without training, solves the seemingly difficult problem of encoding an arbitrary set of integers into a single numerical variable, and then recovering the original elements. While using only…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2025-06-17 Assaf Marron