相关论文: On the origin of superselection rules and differen…
In the large N limit, conditions for the conformal invariance of the generalized Thirring model are derived, using two different approaches: the background field method and the Hamiltonian method based on an operator algebra, and the…
The Thirring model with random couplings is a translationally invariant generalisation of the SYK model to 1+1 dimensions, which is tractable in the large N limit. We compute its two point function, at large distances, for any strength of…
The conformal fixed points of the generalized Thirring model are investigated with the help of bosonization, the large N limit and the operator product expansion. Necessary conditions on the coupling constants for conformal invariance are…
Diverse experimental constraints now motivate models of supersymmetry breaking in which some superpartners have masses well above the weak scale. Three alternatives are focus point supersymmetry and inverted hierarchy models, which embody a…
The concepts of symmetry and its breakdown are investigated in two different terms according to whether the resulting asymmetry is universal or only obtained for a special configuration: we shall illustrate this by considering in the first…
This is a review of basic ideas and mechanisms encountered in the supersymmetry breaking problem at the global level, in supergravity models, and in superstring theory.
We present a toy model which has the following properties: i) it is strongly coupled at a certain scale and breaks supersymmetry at this scale; ii) matter superfields of (one generation of) the Standard Model are effective low energy…
Dynamical supersymmetry breaking is considered in models which admit descriptions in terms of electric, confined, or magnetic degrees of freedom in various limits. In this way, a variety of seemingly different theories which break…
We find a way to represent the Starobinsky model in terms of a simple conformally invariant theory with spontaneous symmetry breaking. We also present a superconformal theory, which, upon spontaneous breaking of the superconformal symmetry,…
Continuing the analysis in a unified scheme for treating generalized superselection sectors based upon the notion of selection criteria for states of relevance in quantum physics, we extend the Doplicher-Roberts superselection theory for…
Random matrix models based on an integral over supermatrices are proposed as a natural extension of bosonic matrix models. The subtle nature of superspace integration allows these models to have very different properties from the analogous…
The general form of soft supersymmetry breaking terms at one loop for effective supergravity models based on the weakly-coupled heterotic string are presented, with special emphasis on those terms arising from the superconformal anomaly.…
In this paper, we discuss the generalizations of exact supersymmetries present in the supersymmetrized sigma models. These generalizations are made by making the supersymmetric transformation parameter field-dependent. Remarkably, the…
We study nonrenormalizable coupling terms in $Z_N$ orbifold models. Nontrivial selection rules of couplings are provided and cannot be understood in terms of a simple symmetry of effective field theories. We also discuss phenomenological…
Recent 3D organ reconstitution studies show that a group of stem cells can establish a body axis and acquire different fates in a spatially organized manner. How such symmetry breaking happens in the absence of external spatial cues, and…
Supersymmetry can be consistently generalized in one and two dimensional spaces, fractional supersymmetry being one of the possible extension. 2D fractional supersymmetry of arbitrary order $F$ is explicitly constructed using an adapted…
In this introductory lecture, some basic features of the spontaneous symmetry breaking are discussed. More specifically, $\sigma $-model, non-linear realization, and some examples of spontaneous symmetry breaking in the non-relativistic…
A one-dimensional driven two-species model with parallel sublattice update and open boundaries is considered. Although the microscopic many-body dynamics is symmetric with respect to the two species and interactions are short-ranged, there…
We describe symmetry structure of a general singular theory (theory with constraints in the Hamiltonian formulation), and, in particular, we relate the structure of gauge transformations with the constraint structure. We show that any…
Most phenomenologically acceptable supersymmetric models imply breaking of supersymmetry in a separate sector of fields introduced just for this purpose. Supersymmetry breaking is transferred to the Standard Model due to a certain…