相关论文: Entropy production by simple electrical circuits

The second law of thermodynamics states that entropy production cannot be negative. Recent developments concerning uncertainty relations in stochastic thermodynamics, such as thermodynamic uncertainty relations and speed limits, have…

We consider a system of two Brownian particles (say A and B), coupled to each other via harmonic potential of stiffness constant $k$. Particle-A is connected to two heat baths of constant temperatures $T_1$ and $T_2$, and particle-B is…

Entropy production is a key quantity in any finite-time thermodynamic process. It is intimately tied with the fundamental laws of thermodynamics, embodying a tool to extend thermodynamic considerations all the way to non-equilibrium…

It is well known that, in the absence of external forces, simple non-relativistic fluids involve entropy production only through heat conduction and shear viscosity. In this work, it is shown that a number density gradient contributes to…

The total entropy production generated by the dynamics of an externally driven systems exchanging energy and matter with multiple reservoirs and described by a master equation is expressed as the sum of three contributions, each…

For a colloidal particle driven by a constant force across a periodic potential, we investigate the distribution of entropy production both experimentally and theoretically. For short trajectories, the fluctuation theorem holds…

This is the continuation of cond-mat/0505084. Elementary formulas are derived for the flow of entropy through a circuit junction in a near-critical quantum circuit, based on the structure of the energy-momentum tensor at the junction. The…

We study the collective vibrational excitations of crystals under out-of-equilibrium steady conditions that give rise to entropy production. Their excitation spectrum comprises equilibrium-like phonons of thermal origin and additional…

The entropy production rate is a key quantity in irreversible thermodynamics. In this work, we concentrate on the realization of entropy production rate in chemical reaction systems in terms of the experimentally measurable reaction rate.…

We revisit the physical pictures for the hadronization of quark-gluon plasma, concentrating on the problem of entropy production during processes where the number of degrees of freedom is seemingly reduced due to color confinement. Based on…

Entropy production is often used as a proxy for energy consumption of a non-equilibrium system. Lower bounds can be estimated from coarse-grained observations, and this has been done for various biological systems. Here, we apply these…

On a fine grained scale the Gibbs entropy of an isolated system remains constant throughout its dynamical evolution. This is a consequence of Liouville's theorem for Hamiltonian systems and appears to contradict the second law of…

From thermodynamics point of view, in this era of aiming at energy conservation and sustainability, we need to develop more accurate ways to design thermal power, cooling and heat pump cycles. It has been the general practice in…

Non-reciprocal interactions are present in many systems out of equilibrium. The rate of entropy production is a measure that quantifies the time irreversibility of a system, and thus how far it is from equilibrium. In this work, we…

This article presents a heuristic combination of the local and global formulations of the second law of thermodynamics that suggests the possibility of theoretical existence of thermodynamics processes with positive and negative entropy…

We develop a martingale theory to describe fluctuations of entropy production for open quantum systems in nonequilbrium steady states. Using the formalism of quantum jump trajectories, we identify a decomposition of entropy production into…

We calculate the entropy produced in the decoherence of a classical field configuration and compare it with the entropy of a fully thermalized state with the same energy. We find that decoherence alone accounts for a large fraction of the…

Entropy production is a key quantity characterizing nonequilibrium systems. However, it can often be difficult to compute in practice, as it requires detailed information about the system and the dynamics it undergoes. This becomes even…

In quantum systems, entropy production is typically defined as the quantum relative entropy between two states. This definition provides an upper bound for any flux (of particles, energy, entropy, etc.) of bounded observables, which proves…

The validity of the fluctuation theorem for entropy production as deduced from the observation of trajectories implicitly requires that all slow degrees of freedom are accessible. We experimentally investigate the role of hidden slow…