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Recent research indicates that large language models (LLMs) are susceptible to jailbreaking attacks that can generate harmful content. This paper introduces a novel token-level attack method, Adaptive Dense-to-Sparse Constrained…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-13 Kai Hu , Weichen Yu , Yining Li , Kai Chen , Tianjun Yao , Xiang Li , Wenhe Liu , Lijun Yu , Zhiqiang Shen , Matt Fredrikson

In the last 10 years, cache attacks on Intel x86 CPUs have gained increasing attention among the scientific community and powerful techniques to exploit cache side channels have been developed. However, modern smartphones use one or more…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2016-06-21 Moritz Lipp , Daniel Gruss , Raphael Spreitzer , Clémentine Maurice , Stefan Mangard

In cloud computing, network Denial of Service (DoS) attacks are well studied and defenses have been implemented, but severe DoS attacks on a victim's working memory by a single hostile VM are not well understood. Memory DoS attacks are…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2017-10-05 Tianwei Zhang , Yinqian Zhang , Ruby B. Lee

Mirai is a type of malware that creates a botnet of internet-connected devices, which can later be used to infect other devices or servers. This paper aims to analyze and explain the Mirai code and create a low-cost simulation environment…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-04-20 Bhagyashri Tushir , Hetesh Sehgal , Rohan Nair , Behnam Dezfouli , Yuhong Liu

It is known that some network operators inject false content into users' network traffic. Yet all previous works that investigate this practice focus on edge ISPs (Internet Service Providers), namely, those that provide Internet access to…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2016-03-01 Gabi Nakibly , Jaime Schcolnik , Yossi Rubin

This work addresses the challenges related to attacks on collaborative tagging systems, which often comes in a form of malicious annotations or profile injection attacks. In particular, we study various countermeasures against two types of…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2019-01-25 Georgios K. Pitsilis , Heri Ramampiaro , Helge Langseth

Side-channel attacks on shared hardware resources increasingly threaten confidentiality, especially with the rise of Large Language Models (LLMs). In this work, we introduce Spill The Beans, a novel application of cache side-channels to…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-05 Andrew Adiletta , Berk Sunar

State-of-the-art deep neural networks (DNNs) have been proven to be vulnerable to adversarial manipulation and backdoor attacks. Backdoored models deviate from expected behavior on inputs with predefined triggers while retaining performance…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-04-17 M. Caner Tol , Saad Islam , Andrew J. Adiletta , Berk Sunar , Ziming Zhang

Over the past few years, deep learning has been getting progressively more popular for the exploitation of side-channel vulnerabilities in embedded cryptographic applications, as it offers advantages in terms of the amount of attack traces…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-09-26 Yohaï-Eliel Berreby , Laurent Sauvage

Securing neural networks (NNs) against model extraction and parameter exfiltration attacks is an important problem primarily because modern NNs take a lot of time and resources to build and train. We observe that there are no…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-11-07 Nivedita Shrivastava , Smruti R. Sarangi

Even though passwords are the most convenient means of authentication, they bring along themselves the threat of dictionary attacks. Dictionary attacks may be of two kinds: online and offline. While offline dictionary attacks are possible…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2011-11-17 Vipul Goyal , Virendra Kumar , Mayank Singh , Ajith Abraham , Sugata Sanyal

In cloud computing environments, multiple tenants are often co-located on the same multi-processor system. Thus, preventing information leakage between tenants is crucial. While the hypervisor enforces software isolation, shared hardware,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2016-06-29 Peter Pessl , Daniel Gruss , Clémentine Maurice , Michael Schwarz , Stefan Mangard

Cloud services have become an essential infrastructure for enterprises and individuals. Access to these cloud services is typically governed by Identity and Access Management systems, where user authentication often relies on passwords.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-04-08 Darren Fürst , Andreas Aßmuth

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed human-machine interaction since ChatGPT's 2022 debut, with Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) emerging as a key framework that enhances LLM outputs by integrating external knowledge. However,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-07-08 Alberto Castagnaro , Umberto Salviati , Mauro Conti , Luca Pajola , Simeone Pizzi

After more than 40 years of development, the fundamental TCP/IP protocol suite, serving as the backbone of the Internet, is widely recognized for having achieved an elevated level of robustness and security. Distinctively, we take a new…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-11-20 Xuewei Feng , Qi Li , Kun Sun , Ke Xu , Jianping Wu

Dataset Condensation (DC) is a data-efficient learning paradigm that synthesizes small yet informative datasets, enabling models to match the performance of full-data training. However, recent work exposes a critical vulnerability of DC to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-31 He Yang , Dongyi Lv , Song Ma , Wei Xi , Zhi Wang , Hanlin Gu , Yajie Wang

We introduce the first microarchitectural side channel attacks that leverage contention on the CPU ring interconnect. There are two challenges that make it uniquely difficult to exploit this channel. First, little is known about the ring…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-03-08 Riccardo Paccagnella , Licheng Luo , Christopher W. Fletcher

The congestion control algorithm of TCP relies on correct feedback from the receiver to determine the rate at which packets should be sent into the network. Hence, correct receiver feedback (in the form of TCP acknowledgements) is essential…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-09-21 Aldar C-F. Chan

Lightweight cryptographic primitives are widely deployed in resource-constrained environments, particularly in Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Due to their public accessibility, these devices are vulnerable to physical attacks, especially…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-20 Kok Ping Lim , Dongyang Jia , Iftekhar Salam

We propose a mechanism that incorporates network coding into TCP with only minor changes to the protocol stack, thereby allowing incremental deployment. In our scheme, the source transmits random linear combinations of packets currently in…

网络与互联网体系结构 · 计算机科学 2016-11-17 Jay Kumar Sundararajan , Devavrat Shah , Muriel Medard , Michael Mitzenmacher , Joao Barros