相关论文: Particle Transport in Young Pulsar Wind Nebulae

The evolution of a pulsar wind nebula (PWN) depends on properties of the progenitor star, supernova, and surrounding environment. As some of these quantities are difficult to measure, reproducing the observed dynamical properties and…

The structure and the evolution of Pulsar Wind Nebulae (PWNe) are studied by means of two-dimensional axisymmetric relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (RMHD) simulations. After the first imaging of the Crab Nebula with Chandra, a growing…

Pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) are the synchrotron bubbles inflated by the rotational energy of a neutron star. Observing variability within them has previously been limited to cases of significant brightening, or the few instances where…

In this paper we discuss the development of Rayleigh-Taylor filaments in axisymmetric simulations of Pulsar wind nebulae (PWN). High-resolution adaptive mesh refinement magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations are used to resolve the…

We observed the young pulsar J1357--6429 with the {\it Chandra} and {\it XMM-Newton} observatories. The pulsar spectrum fits well a combination of absorbed power-law model ($\Gamma=1.7\pm0.6$) and blackbody model ($kT=140^{+60}_{-40}$ eV,…

We present a model for magnetic energy dissipation in a pulsar wind nebula. Better understanding of this process is required to assess the likelihood that certain astrophysical transients may be powered by the spin-down of a "millisecond…

Recently, two photons with energy of about 1 PeV have been detected by LHAASO from the Crab nebula, opening an ultra-high energy window for studying the pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe). Remarkably, the LHAASO spectrum at the highest-energy end…

Recent X-ray observations have proved to be very effective in detecting previously unknown supernova remnant shells around pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe), and in these cases the characteristics of the shell provide further clues on the…

In the last decade, ground-based Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes have discovered about 175 very-high-energy (VHE; $E >$ 100 GeV) gamma-ray sources, with more to follow with the development of H.E.S.S. II and CTA. Nearly 40 of these…

This work presents a new detailed study on the energy-dependent variation in the X-ray polarisation of the Crab Pulsar Wind Nebula (PWN), obtained using data from the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE). For the entire PWN, we…

The young PSR B0540-69 (B0540) in the LMC is the only pulsar (except the Crab pulsar) for which a near-UV spectrum has been obtained. However, the absolute flux and spectral index of previously published HST/FOS data are significantly…

A significative fraction of high mass stars sail away through the interstellar medium of the galaxies. Once they evolved and died via a core collapse supernova, a magnetized, rotating neutron star (a pulsar) is usually their leftover. The…

Bow shock pulsar wind nebulae (BSPWNe) are know to show a large variety of shapes and morphologies, both when comparing different objects, and for the same object in different energy bands. It is unclear if such a variety is related to…

I review the current status of our theoretical understanding of Pulsar Winds and associated nebulae (PWNe). In recent years, axisymmetric models of pulsar winds with a latitude dependent energy flux have proved very successful at explaining…

We present the first images of the pulsar wind nebula (PWN) MSH 15-52 in the hard X-ray band (>8 keV), as measured with the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR). Overall, the morphology of the PWN as measured by NuSTAR in the 3-7…

Pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) studies with the Chandra X-ray Observatory have opened a new window to address the physics of pulsar winds, zoom on their interaction with their hosting supernova remnant (SNR) and interstellar medium, and…

Pulsar wind nebulae are efficient particle accelerators, and yet the processes at work remain elusive. Self-generated, microturbulence is too weak in relativistic magnetized shocks to accelerate particles over a wide energy range,…

Recent X-ray observations of young rotation-powered pulsars are providing an unprecedented detailed view of pulsar wind nebulae. For the first time, coherent emission features involving wisps, co-aligned toroidal structures, and axial jets…

After discussion of observational constraints on the nature of the MHD wind coupling between the Crab Pulsar and the Crab Nebula, the theory of transverse relativistic shock structure is reviewed and applied to the interpretation of the…

I review the constraints placed on relativistic pulsar winds by comparing optical and X-ray images of the inner Crab Nebula on the one hand with two-dimensional MHD simulations on the other. The various proposals in the literature for…