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Solar energetic particles (SEPs) accelerated from shocks driven by coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are one of the major causes of geomagnetic storms on Earth. Therefore, it is necessary to predict the occurrence and intensity of such…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-02-26 Anitha Ravishankar , Grzegorz Michalek

The issue of the influence of coronal holes (CHs) on coronal mass ejections (CMEs) in causing solar energetic particle (SEP) events is revisited. It is a continuation and extension of our previous work (Shen et al., 2006), in which no…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-19 Chenglong Shen , Jia Yao , Yuming Wang , Pinzhong Ye , X. P. Zhao , S. Wang

The main sources of solar energetic particle (SEP) events are solar flares and shocks driven by coronal mass ejections (CMEs). While it is generally accepted that energetic protons can be accelerated by shocks, whether or not these shocks…

We study solar energetic particle (SEP) events during multiple solar eruptions. The analysed sequences, on 24-26 November 2000, 9-13 April 2001, and 22-25 August 2005, consisted of halo-type coronal mass ejections (CMEs) that originated…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-12-16 Silja Pohjolainen , Firas Al-Hamadani , Eino Valtonen

Solar energetic particle (SEP) events have been observed by the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) spacecraft since its launch in 2018. These events include sources from solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs). Onboard PSP is the IS\(\odot\)IS…

We use multiwavelength data from space and ground based instruments to study the solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) on January 23, 2012 that were responsible for one of the largest solar energetic particle (SEP) events of solar…

Gradual solar energetic particle (SEP) events, usually attributed to shock waves driven by coronal mass ejections (CMEs), show a wide variety of temporal behaviors. For example, TO, the >10 MeV proton onset time with respect to the launch…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-03-29 Kosuke Kihara , Ayumi Asai , Seiji Yashiro , Nariaki V. Nitta

Intense solar energetic particle (SEP) events data, associated with ground level enhancements (GLEs), occurred during 1989 to 2006 have been obtained from the spectrometers on board GOES spacecraft in the energy range 10-100 MeV. The…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2017-08-02 P. K. Manoharan , G. Agalya

We study the solar energetic particle (SEP) event associated with the 2012 July 23 extreme solar storm, for which STEREO and the spacecraft at L1 provide multi-point remote sensing and in situ observations. The extreme solar storm, with a…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2016-08-31 Bei Zhu , Ying D. Liu , Janet G. Luhmann , Huidong Hu , Rui Wang , Zhongwei Yang

We present a review of the different aspects associated with the interaction of successive CMEs in the corona and inner heliosphere, focusing on the initiation of series of CMEs, their interaction in the heliosphere, the particle…

空间物理 · 物理学 2017-04-05 Noé Lugaz , Manuela Temmer , Yuming Wang , Charles J. Farrugia

One of the earliest indicators of the importance of shock acceleration of solar energetic particles (SEPs) was the broad spatial extent of the "gradual" SEP events produced as the shock waves, driven by wide, fast coronal mass ejections…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-08-31 Donald V. Reames

One of the sources of solar energetic particle (SEP) events is shocks that are driven by fast coronal mass ejections (CMEs). They can accelerate SEPs up to relativistic energies and are attributed to the largest SEP events. New studies…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-06-21 N. Talebpour Sheshvan , N. Dresing , R. Vainio , A. Afanasiev , D. E. Morosan

To improve the forecasting capability of impactful solar energetic particle (SEP) events, the relation between coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and SEP events needs to be better understood. Here we present a statistical study of SEP…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2020-09-09 Kosuke Kihara , Yuwei Huang , Nobuhiko Nishimura , Nariaki V. Nitta , Seiji Yashiro , Kiyoshi Ichimoto , Ayumi Asai

Solar energetic particle (SEP) events are associated with coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and/or solar flares. SEPs travel through the corona and interplanetary space to reach Earth, posing a radiation hazard to spacecraft and astronauts…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-11-07 Lei Cheng , Ming Zhang , Ryun Young Kwon , David Lario

We study the influence of the large-scale interplanetary magnetic field configuration on the solar energetic particles (SEPs) as detected at different satellites near Earth and on the correlation of their peak intensities with the parent…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2014-03-05 R. Miteva , K. -L. Klein , O. Malandraki , G. Dorrian

A statistical analysis of the relationship between solar energetic particles (SEPs) and properties of solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) is presented. SEP events during solar cycle 23 are selected which are associated with solar…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2014-12-18 M. Dierckxsens , K. Tziotziou , S. Dalla , I. Patsou , M. S. Marsh , N. B. Crosby , O. Malandraki , G. Tsiropoula

Gradual solar energetic particle (SEP) events are associated with shocks driven by coronal mass ejections (CMEs). The merging of two CMEs (so-called Cannibalistic CMEs) and the interaction of their associated shocks, has been linked to some…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-05-20 Antonio Niemela , Nicolas Wijsen , Angels Aran , Luciano Rodriguez , Jasmina Magdalenic , Stefaan Poedts

Shocks driven by coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are primary drivers of gradual solar energetic particle (SEP) events, posing significant risks to space technology and astronauts. Concurrently, particles accelerated at these shocks may also…

We have spent 50 years in heated discussion over which populations of solar energetic particles (SEPs) are accelerated at flares and which by shock waves driven out from the Sun by coronal mass ejections (CMEs). The association of the large…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2017-09-19 Donald V. Reames

Solar energetic particles (SEPs) are an important product of solar activity. They are connected to solar active regions and flares, coronal mass ejections (CMEs), EUV waves, shocks, Type II and III radio emissions, and X-ray bursts. These…

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