相关论文: Verifying Eiffel Programs with Boogie

A successful automated program proof is, in software verification, the ultimate triumph. In practice, however, the road to such success is paved with many failed proof attempts. Unlike a failed test, which provides concrete evidence of an…

Many verification tools come out of academic projects, whose natural constraints do not typically lead to a strong focus on usability. For widespread use, however, usability is essential. Using a well-known benchmark, the Tokeneer problem,…

A program verifier produces reliable results only if both the logic used to justify the program's correctness is sound, and the implementation of the program verifier is itself correct. Whereas it is common to formally prove soundness of…

Automated program verifiers are typically implemented using an intermediate verification language (IVL), such as Boogie or Why3. A verifier front-end translates the input program and specification into an IVL program, while the back-end…

In this paper we report the experience of using AutoProof to statically verify a small object oriented program. We identified the problems that emerged by this activity and we classified them according to their nature. In particular, we…

Auto-active verifiers provide a level of automation intermediate between fully automatic and interactive: users supply code with annotations as input while benefiting from a high level of automation in the back-end. This paper presents…

Formal verification tools are often developed by experts for experts; as a result, their usability by programmers with little formal methods experience may be severely limited. In this paper, we discuss this general phenomenon with…

Test or prove? These two approaches to software verification have long been presented as opposites. One is dynamic, the other static: a test executes the program, a proof only analyzes the program text. A different perspective is emerging,…

This dissertation discusses several problems loosely related, because they all involve a verification condition generator. The Boogie language is introduced; the architecture of a verification-generator is described. Then come more…

The verification systems Boogie and Why3 use their respective intermediate languages to generate verification conditions from high-level programs. Since the two systems support different back-end provers (such as Z3 and Alt-Ergo) and are…

Formal modelling languages play a key role in the development of software since they enable users to prove correctness of system properties. However, there is still not a clear understanding on how to map a formal model to a specific…

Auto2 is a recently introduced prover for the proof assistant Isabelle. It is designed to be both highly customizable from within Isabelle, and also have a powerful proof search mechanism. In this paper, we apply auto2 to the verification…

This paper is a tutorial for newcomers to the field of automated verification tools, though we assume the reader to be relatively familiar with Hoare-style verification. In this paper, besides introducing the most basic features of the…

Lightweight validation technique, such as those based on random testing, are sometimes practical alternatives to full formal verification -- providing valuable benefits, such as finding bugs, without requiring a disproportionate effort. In…

Automatic verification deals with the validation by means of computers of correctness certificates. The related tools, usually called proof assistants or interactive provers, provide an interactive environment for the creation of formal…

Formal methods yet advantageous, face challenges towards wide acceptance and adoption in software development practices. The major reason being presumed complexity. The issue can be addressed by academia with a thoughtful plan of teaching…

Abstract interpreters are complex pieces of software: even if the abstract interpretation theory and companion algorithms are well understood, their implementations are subject to bugs, that might question the soundness of their…

In recent years, program verifiers and interactive theorem provers have become more powerful and more suitable for verifying large programs or proofs. This has demonstrated the need for improving the user experience of these tools to…

Program verifiers are not exempt from the bugs that affect nearly every piece of software. In addition, they often exhibit brittle behavior: their performance changes considerably with details of how the input program is expressed-details…

VeriFast is a leading research prototype tool for the sound modular verification of safety and correctness properties of single-threaded and multithreaded C and Java programs. It has been used as a vehicle for exploration and validation of…