相关论文: Mean Interplanetary Magnetic Field Measurement Usi…

The magnetic field of the Sun is the underlying cause of the many diverse phenomena combined under the heading of solar activity. Here we describe the magnetic field as it threads its way from the bottom of the convection zone, where it is…

Cosmic rays reaching the atmosphere of an astrophysical object produce showers of secondary particles that may then escape into space. Here we obtain the flux of gamma rays and neutrinos of energy $E>10$ GeV emitted by the Sun, Jupiter and…

The primary proton spectrum up to 100 TeV has been investigated by balloon- and satellite-borne instruments. Above this energy range only ground-based air shower arrays can measure the cosmic ray spectrum with a technique moderately…

Magnetic fields play a key role in driving a broad range of dynamic phenomena in the atmospheres of the Sun and other stars. Routine and accurate measurements of the magnetic fields at all the atmospheric layers are of critical importance…

Using over 40 million muons collected since 1989 by the MACRO detector we have searched for a depletion of muons coming from the direction of the Moon due to primary cosmic rays striking the Moon. We observe this Moon shadow in the expected…

Magnetic fields are one of most concealed components of the universe. They are observed as part of the intergalactic medium and on galaxy cluster scales, however their origin and evolution is unclear. In this work we use the IllustrisTNG…

Cosmic rays and magnetic fields can substantially impact the launching of large-scale galactic winds. Many researchers have investigated the role of cosmic rays; our group previously showed that a cosmic-ray and thermally-driven wind could…

Accurately measuring magnetic fields is essential for magnetic-field sensitive experiments in fields like atomic, molecular, and optical physics, condensed matter experiments, and other areas. However, since many experiments are conducted…

The Sun is a bright gamma-ray source due to hadronic cosmic-ray interactions with solar gas. While it is known that incoming cosmic rays must generally first be reflected by solar magnetic fields to produce outgoing gamma rays, theoretical…

The Sun is a magnetically active star and is the source of the solar wind, electromagnetic radiation and energetic particles which affect the heliosphere and the Earths atmosphere. The magnetic field of the Sun is responsible for most of…

Magnetic fields in various astrophysical settings may be helical and, in the cosmological context, may provide a measure of primordial CP violation during baryogenesis. Yet it is difficult, even in principle, to devise a scheme by which…

Diffuse filaments connect galaxy clusters to form the cosmic web. Detecting these filaments could yield information on the magnetic field strength, cosmic ray population and temperature of intercluster gas, yet, the faint and large-scale…

2008 marks the 100th anniversary of the discovery of astrophysical magnetic fields, when George Ellery Hale recorded the Zeeman splitting of spectral lines in sunspots. With the introduction of Babcock's photoelectric magnetograph it soon…

Deciphering and understanding the small-scale magnetic activity of the quiet solar photosphere should help to solve many of the key problems of solar and stellar physics, such as the magnetic coupling to the outer atmosphere and the coronal…

Simulating the irradiation of planetary atmospheres by cosmic ray particles requires, among others, the ability to understand and to quantify the interactions of charged particles with planetary magnetic fields. Here we present a process…

Magnetic fields have important or dominant effects in many areas of astrophysics, but have been very difficult to quantify. Spectropolarimetry from Ground State Alignment (GSA) has been suggested as a direct tracer of magnetic field in…

The existence of intergalactic magnetic fields (IGMFs) is an open problem in cosmology and has never been unambiguously confirmed. High-energy gamma rays emitted by blazars are unique probes of cosmic magnetism, as their interactions with…

A conformal coupling of the metric in the Jordan frame to the energy-momentum tensor, screens the scalar field gravitational coupling strength $G$ in modified gravity (MOG). The scalar field acquires a mass which depends on the local matter…

In this paper we analytically estimate the magnetic field scale of planets with physical core conditions similar to that of Earth from a statistical point of view. We evaluate the magnetic field on the basis of the physical parameters of…

High energy cosmic ray electrons and positrons, during propagation in the Galaxy, mainly lose energy through either the inverse Compton scattering (ICS) off of the interstellar radiation field (ISRF) or emitting synchrotron radiation in the…