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We introduce a sub-grid model for the non-equilibrium abundance of molecular hydrogen in cosmological simulations of galaxy formation. We improve upon previous work by accounting for the unresolved structure of molecular clouds in a…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-19 Matteo Tomassetti , Cristiano Porciani , Emilio Romano-Diaz , Aaron D. Ludlow

We investigated the correlation between intensities of the $^{12}$CO and $^{13}$CO ($J=1$-0) lines toward the Galactic giant molecular clouds (GMCs) W51A, W33, N35-N36 complex, W49A, M17SW, G12.02-00.03, W43, and M16 using the FUGIN (FOREST…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2023-11-27 Mikito Kohno , Yoshiaki Sofue

We performed correlation analyses between the $^{12}$CO and $^{13}$CO $J=$1-0 line intensities in order to derive the variability of the CO-to-H$_2$ conversion factor ($X_{\rm CO, iso}$) in the central molecular zone (CMZ) of our Galaxy.…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2024-05-13 Mikito Kohno , Yoshiaki Sofue

We present an analysis of Giant Molecular Clouds (GMCs) within hydrodynamic simulations of isolated, low-mass (M* ~ 10^9 M_sol) disc galaxies. We study the evolution of molecular abundances and the implications for CO emission and the X_CO…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2016-07-27 Alexander J. Richings , Joop Schaye

ABRIDGED: Context: HI and CO large scale surveys of the Milky Way trace the diffuse atomic clouds and the dense shielded regions of molecular hydrogen clouds. However, until recently, we have not had spectrally resolved C+ surveys to…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-18 W. D. Langer , T. Velusamy , J. L. Pineda , K. Willacy , P. F. Goldsmith

The bulk of the molecular gas in spiral galaxies is under the form of cold H2, that does not radiate and is only suspected through tracer molecules, such as CO. All tracers are biased, and in particular H2 could be highly underestimated in…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 F. Combes

The formation mechanism of CO clouds observed with NANTEN2 and Mopra telescope toward the stellar cluster Westerlund 2 is studied by three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations taking into account the interstellar cooling. These…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2017-02-27 Yuta Asahina , Tomohisa Kawashima , Naoko Furukawa , Rei Enokiya , Hiroaki Yamamoto , Yasuo Fukui , Ryoji Matsumoto

Molecular hydrogen (H2) is the primary component of the reservoirs of cold, dense gas that fuel star formation in our galaxy. While the H2 abundance is ultimately regulated by physical processes operating on small scales in the interstellar…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-11 Robert Feldmann , Jose Hernandez , Nickolay Y. Gnedin

To study the chemical evolution during the formation of molecular clouds, we model three types of clouds with different density structures: collapsing spherical, collapsing ellipsoidal, and static spherical profiles. The collapsing models…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2022-06-15 Jingfei Sun , Fujun Du

(Abridged) We carried out a comprehensive far-ultraviolet (UV) survey of ^12CO and H_2 column densities along diffuse molecular Galactic sight lines in order to explore in detail the relationship between CO and H_2. We measured new CO…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-13 Y. Sheffer , M. Rogers , S. R. Federman , N. P. Abel , R. Gredel , D. L. Lambert , G. Shaw

We present observations of CO(3-2) in 13 main-sequence $z=2.0-2.5$ star-forming galaxies at $\log(M_*/M_{\odot})=10.2-10.6$ that span a wide range in metallicity (O/H) based on rest-optical spectroscopy. We find that CO(3-2)/SFR decreases…

We study the effect of density fluctuations induced by turbulence on the HI/H$_2$ structure in photodissociation regions (PDRs) both analytically and numerically. We perform magnetohydrodynamic numerical simulations for both subsonic and…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2017-07-26 Shmuel Bialy , Blakesley Burkhart , Amiel Sternberg

Massive young stellar objects in the Magellanic Clouds show infrared absorption features corresponding to significant abundances of CO, CO$_2$ and H$_2$O ice along the line of sight, with the relative abundances of these ices differing…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2018-02-21 Tyler Pauly , R. T. Garrod

The observed star formation rate of the Milky Way can be explained by applying a metallicity-dependent factor to convert CO luminosity to molecular gas mass and a star formation efficiency per free-fall time that depends on the virial…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2022-04-27 Neal J. Evans , Jeong-Gyu Kim , Eve C. Ostriker

In order to understand how molecular clouds form in the Galactic interstellar medium, we would like to be able to map the structure and kinematics of the gas flows responsible for forming them. However, doing so is observationally…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2016-06-01 Simon C. O. Glover , Paul C. Clark

This study presents a catalog of 8107 molecular clouds that covers the entire Galactic plane and includes 98% of the $^{12}$CO emission observed within $b\pm5^\circ$. The catalog was produced using a hierarchical cluster identification…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2017-01-11 Marc-Antoine Miville-Deschênes , Norman Murray , Eve J. Lee

We analyse extinction maps of nearby Giant Molecular Clouds to forge a link between driving processes of turbulence and modes of star formation. Our investigation focuses on cloud structure in the column density range above the self…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-28 J. Rowles , D. Froebrich

We present synthetic Hi and CO observations of a simulation of decaying turbulence in the thermally bistable neutral medium. We first present the simulation, with clouds initially consisting of clustered clumps. Self-gravity causes these…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2015-08-06 Jonathan S. Heiner , Enrique Vázquez-Semadeni , Javier Ballesteros-Paredes

Aims: Our aims are threefold: a) To compare the $uv$ and mm-wave results; b) to interpret 13CO and 12CO abundances in terms of the physical processes which separately and jointly determine them; c) to interpret observed J=1-0 rotational…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-13 H. S. Liszt

The faint CO gases in debris disks are easily dissolved into C by UV irradiation, while CO can be reformed via reactions with hydrogen. The abundance ratio of C/CO could thus be a probe of the amount of hydrogen in the debris disks. We…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-06-14 Kazunari Iwasaki , Hiroshi Kobayashi , Aya E. Higuchi , Yuri Aikawa