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We derive a general expression for the multipole expansion of the electro-magnetic interaction in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, which can be employed in higher-order dynamical calculations of Coulomb excitation. The interaction has…

核理论 · 物理学 2009-11-07 H. Esbensen , C. A. Bertulani

The sensitivity of flow harmonics from cumulants on the event-by-event flow distribution $p(v_n)$ is investigated using a simple central moment expansion approach. For narrow distribution whose width is much smaller than the mean…

核实验 · 物理学 2015-08-26 Jiangyong Jia , Sooraj Krishnann

The ability to accurately compute the series of coefficients $v_n$ characterizing the momentum space anisotropies of particle production in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions as a function of centrality is widely regarded as a triumph…

核理论 · 物理学 2014-06-25 Thorsten Renk , Harri Niemi

We investigate pseudorapidity correlations of the average transverse flow of particles emitted in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. We employ 3+1 dimensional viscous relativistic hydrodynamics with initial conditions from the quark Glauber…

核理论 · 物理学 2017-07-12 Sandeep Chatterjee , Piotr Bozek

The standard picture of heavy-ion collisions includes a collective expansion. If the initial energy density in the collisions is lumpy, then a collective expansion can convert that spatial lumpiness into correlations between final-state…

核实验 · 物理学 2015-03-13 Paul Sorensen

We present preliminary STAR results on 3-particle azimuthal angle correlation studies in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV. The studies are carried out at mid-rapidity between a trigger particle with 3 $\le p_{\perp} \le$ 4…

核实验 · 物理学 2009-11-13 Claude Pruneau

We use a nonlinear response formalism to describe the event plane correlations measured by the ATLAS collaboration. With one exception ($\left\langle \cos(2\Psi_2 - 6\Psi_3 + 4 \Psi_4) \right\rangle$), the event plane correlations are…

核理论 · 物理学 2014-08-13 Derek Teaney , Li Yan

Measurements of anisotropic flow Fourier coefficients ($v_n$) for inclusive charged particles and identified hadrons $\pi^{\pm}$, $K^{\pm}$, $p$, and $\bar{p}$ produced at midrapidity in Cu+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$ GeV are…

核实验 · 物理学 2019-08-13 A. Adare , C. Aidala , N. N. Ajitanand , Y. Akiba , R. Akimoto , J. Alexander , M. Alfred , K. Aoki , N. Apadula , H. Asano , E. T. Atomssa , T. C. Awes , B. Azmoun , V. Babintsev , M. Bai , X. Bai , N. S. Bandara , B. Bannier , K. N. Barish , S. Bathe , V. Baublis , C. Baumann , S. Baumgart , A. Bazilevsky , M. Beaumier , S. Beckman , R. Belmont , A. Berdnikov , Y. Berdnikov , D. Black , D. S. Blau , J. S. Bok , K. Boyle , M. L. Brooks , J. Bryslawskyj , H. Buesching , V. Bumazhnov , S. Butsyk , S. Campbell , C. -H. Chen , C. Y. Chi , M. Chiu , I. J. Choi , J. B. Choi , S. Choi , P. Christiansen , T. Chujo , V. Cianciolo , Z. Citron , B. A. Cole , N. Cronin , N. Crossette , M. Csanád , T. Csörgő , D. Danley , A. Datta , M. S. Daugherity , G. David , K. DeBlasio , K. Dehmelt , A. Denisov , A. Deshpande , E. J. Desmond , L. Ding , A. Dion , P. B. Diss , J. H. Do , L. D'Orazio , O. Drapier , A. Drees , K. A. Drees , J. M. Durham , A. Durum , T. Engelmore , A. Enokizono , S. Esumi , K. O. Eyser , B. Fadem , N. Feege , D. E. Fields , M. Finger , M. Finger, , F. Fleuret , S. L. Fokin , J. E. Frantz , A. Franz , A. D. Frawley , Y. Fukao , T. Fusayasu , K. Gainey , C. Gal , P. Gallus , P. Garg , A. Garishvili , I. Garishvili , H. Ge , F. Giordano , A. Glenn , X. Gong , M. Gonin , Y. Goto , R. Granier de Cassagnac , N. Grau , S. V. Greene , M. Grosse Perdekamp , Y. Gu , T. Gunji , H. Guragain , T. Hachiya , J. S. Haggerty , K. I. Hahn , H. Hamagaki , H. F. Hamilton , S. Y. Han , J. Hanks , S. Hasegawa , T. O. S. Haseler , K. Hashimoto , R. Hayano , X. He , T. K. Hemmick , T. Hester , J. C. Hill , R. S. Hollis , K. Homma , B. Hong , T. Hoshino , N. Hotvedt , J. Huang , S. Huang , T. Ichihara , Y. Ikeda , K. Imai , Y. Imazu , M. Inaba , A. Iordanova , D. Isenhower , A. Isinhue , D. Ivanishchev , B. V. Jacak , S. J. Jeon , M. Jezghani , J. Jia , X. Jiang , B. M. Johnson , K. S. Joo , D. Jouan , D. S. Jumper , J. Kamin , S. Kanda , B. H. Kang , J. H. Kang , J. S. Kang , J. Kapustinsky , D. Kawall , A. V. Kazantsev , J. A. Key , V. Khachatryan , P. K. Khandai , A. Khanzadeev , K. M. Kijima , C. Kim , D. J. Kim , E. -J. Kim , G. W. Kim , M. Kim , Y. -J. Kim , Y. K. Kim , B. Kimelman , E. Kistenev , R. Kitamura , J. Klatsky , D. Kleinjan , P. Kline , T. Koblesky , M. Kofarago , B. Komkov , J. Koster , D. Kotchetkov , D. Kotov , F. Krizek , K. Kurita , M. Kurosawa , Y. Kwon , R. Lacey , Y. S. Lai , J. G. Lajoie , A. Lebedev , D. M. Lee , G. H. Lee , J. Lee , K. B. Lee , K. S. Lee , S Lee , S. H. Lee , M. J. Leitch , M. Leitgab , B. Lewis , X. Li , S. H. Lim , M. X. Liu , D. Lynch , C. F. Maguire , Y. I. Makdisi , M. Makek , A. Manion , V. I. Manko , E. Mannel , T. Maruyama , M. McCumber , P. L. McGaughey , D. McGlinchey , C. McKinney , A. Meles , M. Mendoza , B. Meredith , Y. Miake , T. Mibe , A. C. Mignerey , A. Milov , D. K. Mishra , J. T. Mitchell , S. Miyasaka , S. Mizuno , A. K. Mohanty , S. Mohapatra , P. Montuenga , T. Moon , D. P. Morrison , M. Moskowitz , T. V. Moukhanova , T. Murakami , J. Murata , A. Mwai , T. Nagae , S. Nagamiya , K. Nagashima , J. L. Nagle , M. I. Nagy , I. Nakagawa , H. Nakagomi , Y. Nakamiya , K. R. Nakamura , T. Nakamura , K. Nakano , C. Nattrass , P. K. Netrakanti , M. Nihashi , T. Niida , S. Nishimura , R. Nouicer , T. Novak , N. Novitzky , A. S. Nyanin , E. O'Brien , C. A. Ogilvie , H. Oide , K. Okada , J. D. Orjuela Koop , J. D. Osborn , A. Oskarsson , K. Ozawa , R. Pak , V. Pantuev , V. Papavassiliou , I. H. Park , J. S. Park , S. Park , S. K. Park , S. F. Pate , L. Patel , M. Patel , J. -C. Peng , D. V. Perepelitsa , G. D. N. Perera , D. Yu. Peressounko , J. Perry , R. Petti , C. Pinkenburg , R. Pinson , R. P. Pisani , M. L. Purschke , H. Qu , J. Rak , B. J. Ramson , I. Ravinovich , K. F. Read , D. Reynolds , V. Riabov , Y. Riabov , E. Richardson , T. Rinn , N. Riveli , D. Roach , S. D. Rolnick , M. Rosati , Z. Rowan , J. G. Rubin , M. S. Ryu , B. Sahlmueller , N. Saito , T. Sakaguchi , H. Sako , V. Samsonov , M. Sarsour , S. Sato , S. Sawada , B. Schaefer , B. K. Schmoll , K. Sedgwick , J. Seele , R. Seidl , Y. Sekiguchi , A. Sen , R. Seto , P. Sett , A. Sexton , D. Sharma , A. Shaver , I. Shein , T. -A. Shibata , K. Shigaki , M. Shimomura , K. Shoji , P. Shukla , A. Sickles , C. L. Silva , D. Silvermyr , B. K. Singh , C. P. Singh , V. Singh , M. Skolnik , M. Slunečka , M. Snowball , S. Solano , R. A. Soltz , W. E. Sondheim , S. P. Sorensen , I. V. Sourikova , P. W. Stankus , P. Steinberg , E. Stenlund , M. Stepanov , A. Ster , S. P. Stoll , M. R. Stone , T. Sugitate , A. Sukhanov , T. Sumita , J. Sun , J. Sziklai , A. Takahara , A. Taketani , Y. Tanaka , K. Tanida , M. J. Tannenbaum , S. Tarafdar , A. Taranenko , E. Tennant , R. Tieulent , A. Timilsina , T. Todoroki , M. Tomášek , H. Torii , C. L. Towell , R. Towell , R. S. Towell , I. Tserruya , H. W. van Hecke , M. Vargyas , E. Vazquez-Zambrano , A. Veicht , J. Velkovska , R. Vértesi , M. Virius , V. Vrba , E. Vznuzdaev , X. R. Wang , D. Watanabe , K. Watanabe , Y. Watanabe , Y. S. Watanabe , F. Wei , S. Whitaker , A. S. White , S. Wolin , C. L. Woody , M. Wysocki , B. Xia , L. Xue , S. Yalcin , Y. L. Yamaguchi , A. Yanovich , S. Yokkaichi , J. H. Yoo , I. Yoon , Z. You , I. Younus , H. Yu , I. E. Yushmanov , W. A. Zajc , A. Zelenski , S. Zhou , L. Zou

We discuss the sensitivity of the three-particle azimuthal cumulant method for a search and study of conical emission in central relativistic $A+A $ collisions. Our study is based on a multi-component Monte Carlo model which include flow…

核实验 · 物理学 2009-12-31 Claude Pruneau

Based on the initial state geometrical symmetry for collisions between two identical heavy ions at high energy, the general form for the one- and two-particle azimuthal distributions is deduced. Relation between these distributions and the…

核理论 · 物理学 2018-02-14 G. L. Li , C. B. Yang , D. M. Zhou

Correlations of two flow harmonics $v_n$ and $v_m$ via three- and four-particle cumulants are measured in 13 TeV $pp$, 5.02 TeV $p$+Pb, and 2.76 TeV peripheral Pb+Pb collisions with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The goal is to understand…

核实验 · 物理学 2019-01-14 ATLAS Collaboration

Measurements of the variation of anisotropic flow-plane angles ($\Psi_n$) with rapidity, commonly known as the flow-plane decorrelation, provide important insights into the initial conditions of the matter produced in heavy-ion collisions.…

核实验 · 物理学 2026-01-16 STAR Collaboration

The initial conditions in heavy-ion collisions are calculated in many different frameworks. The importance of nucleon position fluctuations within the nucleus and sub-nucleon structure has been established when modeling initial conditions…

核理论 · 物理学 2021-02-17 R. Snyder , M. Byres , S. H. Lim , J. L. Nagle

The anisotropic flow coefficients $v_n$ quantify the collective medium response to the initial spatial anisotropy of the overlapping region in ion collisions and serve as sensitive probes of both the medium properties and shape of nuclear…

核实验 · 物理学 2025-09-17 LHCb collaboration

Azimuthal anisotropies in heavy-ion collisions are conventionally interpreted as signatures of hydrodynamic flow. We demonstrate that in peripheral collisions, a significant $\cos 2\phi$ asymmetry in the decay leptons of coherently…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2025-11-25 Ding Yu Shao , Han-Qing Yu , Cheng Zhang , Jian Zhou

Relativistic heavy ion collisions provide a unique opportunity to study the shape of colliding nuclei, even up to higher-order multiple deformations. In this work, several observables that are sensitive to quadrupole and hexadecapole…

核理论 · 物理学 2024-08-29 Zaining Wang , Jinhui Chen , Hao-jie Xu , Jie Zhao

The measurements of the (anti)deuterons elliptic flow ($v_2$) and the first measurements of triangular flow ($v_3$) in Pb-Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon-nucleon collisions $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV are…

核实验 · 物理学 2021-05-25 ALICE Collaboration

We present a number of independent flow observables that can be measured using multiparticle azimuthal correlations in heavy-ion collisions. Some of these observables are already well known, such as v2{2} and v2{4}, but most are new--in…

核理论 · 物理学 2012-06-18 Rajeev S. Bhalerao , Matthew Luzum , Jean-Yves Ollitrault

We review the phenomenology and theory of bulk observables in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions, focussing on recent developments involving event-by-event fluctuations in the initial stages of a heavy ion collision, and how they…

核理论 · 物理学 2014-06-03 Matthew Luzum , Hannah Petersen

In this paper we show azimuthal particle correlations in three different small-system collisions with different intrinsic initial geometries. The simultaneous constraints of $v_2$ and $v_3$ in $p/d/^3$He$+$Au collisions definitively…

高能物理 - 实验 · 物理学 2019-06-25 Tamas Novak