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To take advantage of high-resolution optics sensitive to a broad energy range, future X-ray imaging instruments will require thick detectors with small pixels. This pixel aspect ratio affects spectral response in the soft X-ray band, vital…

Face detection is to search all the possible regions for faces in images and locate the faces if there are any. Many applications including face recognition, facial expression recognition, face tracking and head-pose estimation assume that…

We describe a method aiming at increasing the dynamic range of X-ray detectors. Two X-ray exposures of an object are acquired at different dose levels and constitute the only input data. The values of the parameters which are needed to…

Ultrafast electron diffraction (UED) instruments typically operate at kHz or lower repetition rates and rely on indirect detection of electrons. However, these experiments encounter limitations because they are required to use electron…

Learned image compression codecs have recently achieved impressive compression performances surpassing the most efficient image coding architectures. However, most approaches are trained to minimize rate and distortion which often leads to…

Edge detection in images is the foundation of many complex tasks in computer graphics. Due to the feature loss caused by multi-layer convolution and pooling architectures, learning-based edge detection models often produce thick edges and…

In a typical multi-standard military communication receiver, fast and reliable spectrum sensing unit is required to extract the information of multiple channels (frequency bands) present in a wideband input signal. In this paper, an energy…

With the development of high-speed electron detectors, four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D-STEM) has emerged as a powerful tool for characterizing microstructures in material science and life science. However, the…

The article addresses the possibility of robust detection of geometrically small, low emission sources on a significantly stronger background. This problem is important for homeland security. A technique of detecting such sources using…

In coherent X-ray diffraction microscopy the diffraction pattern generated by a sample illuminated with coherent x-rays is recorded, and a computer algorithm recovers the unmeasured phases to synthesize an image. By avoiding the use of a…

In this paper, we optimize a faster region-based convolutional neural network (FRCNN) for 1-dimensional (1D) signal processing and electromagnetic spectrum sensing. We target a cluttered radio frequency (RF) environment, where multiple RF…

Ultrafast electron diffraction (UED) is a technique in which short-pulse electron beams can probe the femtosecond-scale evolution of atomic structure in matter driven far from equilibrium. As an accelerator physics challenge, UED imposes…

Object detection in astronomical images, generically referred to as source finding, is often performed before the object characterisation stage in astrophysical processing work flows. In radio astronomy, source finding has historically been…

This study introduces a novel unsupervised medical image feature extraction method that employs spatial stratification techniques. An objective function based on weight is proposed to achieve the purpose of fast image recognition. The…

Images acquired by computer vision systems under low light conditions have multiple characteristics like high noise, lousy illumination, reflectance, and bad contrast, which make object detection tasks difficult. Much work has been done to…

Machine-learning algorithms offer immense possibilities in the development of several cognitive applications. In fact, large scale machine-learning classifiers now represent the state-of-the-art in a wide range of object…

Infrared (IR) images are widely used in many fields such as medical imaging, object tracking, astronomy and military purposes for securing borders. Infrared images can be captured day or night based on the type of capturing device. The…

Cameras in modern devices such as smartphones, satellites and medical equipment are capable of capturing very high resolution images and videos. Such high-resolution data often need to be processed by deep learning models for cancer…

4D-STEM, in which the 2D diffraction plane is captured for each 2D scan position in the scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) using a pixelated detector, is complementing and increasingly replacing existing imaging approaches.…

Image subtraction is essential for transient detection in time-domain astronomy. The point spread function (PSF), photometric scaling, and sky background generally vary with time and across the field-of-view for imaging data taken with…