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Unidimensional factor models justify some of the most consequential summaries in science -- single scores, single ranks, and single leaderboards -- yet unidimensionality is usually assessed indirectly by fitting and evaluating models on…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2026-03-25 Michael Hardy

In today's world, the focus of programmers has shifted from writing complex, error-prone code to prioritizing simple, clear, efficient, and sustainable code that makes programs easier to understand. Code refactoring plays a critical role in…

Code readability and software complexity are important software quality metrics that impact other software metrics such as maintainability, reusability, portability and reliability. This paper presents an empirical study of the…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2019-09-05 Duaa Alawad , Manisha Panta , Minhaz Zibran , Md Rakibul Islam

Third-party library dependencies are commonplace in today's software development. With the growing threat of security vulnerabilities, applying security fixes in a timely manner is important to protect software systems. As such, the…

Despite huge software engineering efforts and programming language support, resource and memory leaks are still a troublesome issue, even in memory-managed languages such as Java. Understanding the properties of leak-inducing defects, how…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2019-12-17 Mohammadreza Ghanavati , Diego Costa , Janos Seboek , David Lo , Artur Andrzejak

Software quality estimation is a challenging and time-consuming activity, and models are crucial to face the complexity of such activity on modern software applications. One main challenge is that the improvement of distinctive quality…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2022-12-19 Vittorio Cortellessa , Daniele Di Pompeo , Vincenzo Stoico , Michele Tucci

Refactoring aims at improving code non-functional attributes without modifying its external behavior. Previous studies investigated the motivations behind refactoring by surveying developers. With the aim of generalizing and complementing…

In collaborative software development, multiple contributors frequently change the source code in parallel to implement new features, fix bugs, refactor existing code, and make other changes. These simultaneous changes need to be merged…

Automated batch refactoring has become a de-facto mechanism to restructure software that may have significant design flaws negatively impacting the code quality and maintainability. Although automated batch refactoring techniques are known…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2023-06-29 Asif Imran , Tevfik Kosar , Jaroslaw Zola , Muhammed Fatih Bulut

Designing and analysis of test cases is a challenging tasks for tester roles especially those who are related to test the structure of program. Recently, Programmers are showing valuable trend towards the implementation of recursive modules…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2012-08-28 Muhammad Javed , Bashir Ahmad , Zaffar Abbas , Allah Nawaz , Muhammad Ali Abid , Ihsan Ullah

Injection-based testing while refactoring is a pattern that minimizes the need for manual editing when altering the behaviour of a code base. Neither does it rely on a compilation or a linking process nor does it make assumptions on the…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2022-03-29 Thomas Mejstrik , Clara Hollomey

Refactoring enhances software quality without altering its functional behaviors. Understanding the refactoring activities of developers is crucial to improving software maintainability. With the increasing use of machine learning (ML)…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2024-04-11 Shayan Noei , Heng Li , Ying Zou

Automated source code refactoring, particularly extract method refactoring, is a crucial and frequently employed technique during software development. Despite its importance and frequent use by practitioners, current automated techniques…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2024-12-25 Indranil Palit , Tushar Sharma

During software evolution, inexperienced developers may introduce design anti-patterns when they modify their software systems to fix bugs or to add new functionalities based on changes in requirements. Developers may also use design…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2021-04-02 Zeinab , Kermansaravi , Md Saidur Rahman , Foutse Khomh , Fehmi Jaafar , Yann-Gael Gueheneuc

Code comments are the primary means to document implementation and facilitate program comprehension. Thus, their quality should be a primary concern to improve program maintenance. While much effort has been dedicated to detecting bad…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2021-08-26 Arianna Blasi , Nataliia Stulova , Alessandra Gorla , Oscar Nierstrasz

Recent advances in coding agents have shown remarkable progress in software issue resolution. In practice, real-world issues are typically bug fixes or feature requests in which human developers naturally incorporate refactoring as part of…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-05-22 Zhao Tian , Zifan Zhang , Tao Xiao , Dong Wang , Masanari Kondo , Junjie Chen , Yasutaka Kamei

Developers often extract methods to improve readability, understanding, and reuse, while inlining keeps logic in one block. Prior work based on static metrics has not shown clear differences between these practices, and the human side of…

The cost of software maintenance often surpasses the initial development expenses, making it a significant concern for the software industry. A key strategy for alleviating future maintenance burdens is the early prediction and…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2024-12-31 Shaiful Chowdhury

We describe how to use refactoring tools to transform a Java program conforming to the Composite design pattern into a program conforming to the Visitor design pattern with the same external behavior. We also describe the inverse…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2013-07-02 Akram Ajouli , Julien Cohen

We introduce the higher-order refactoring problem, where the goal is to compress a logic program by discovering higher-order abstractions, such as map, filter, and fold. We implement our approach in Stevie, which formulates the refactoring…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-01-30 Céline Hocquette , Sebastijan Dumančić , Andrew Cropper