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We set out the theory and discretization scheme for a new finite-element computer code, written specifically for the simulation of maser sources. The code was used to compute fractional inversions at each node of a 3-D domain for a range of…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2018-03-21 M. D. Gray , L. Mason , S. Etoka

Externally driven interstellar turbulence plays an important role in shaping the density structure in molecular clouds. Here we study the dynamical role of internally driven turbulence in a self-gravitating molecular cloud core. Depending…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2020-03-04 Siyao Xu , Alex Lazarian

Observations of the properties of dense molecular clouds are critical in understanding the process of star-formation. One of the most important, but least understood, is the role of the magnetic fields. We discuss the possibility of using…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2014-12-16 A. W. Strong , C. Dickinson , E. J. Murphy

We have computed line emission cooling rates for the main cooling species in models of interstellar molecular clouds. The models are based on numerical simulations of super-sonic magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence. Non-LTE radiative…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-06 M. Juvela , P. Padoan , A Nordlund

The fragmentation of gas to form stars in molecular clouds is intrinsically linked to the turbulence within them. These internal motions are set at the birth of the cloud and may vary with galactic environment and as the cloud evolves. In…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2024-07-29 Jiten Dhandha , Zoe Faes , Rowan J. Smith

Turbulence governs the fragmentation of molecular clouds and plays a pivotal role in star formation. The persistence of observed cloud turbulence suggests it does not decay significantly within the turnover timescale, implying a recurrent…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2025-09-15 Shibo Yuan , Hua-Bai Li

We compile a holistic scenario for molecular cloud (MC) evolution and control of the star formation efficiency (SFE), and present a first set of numerical tests of it. A {\it lossy} compressible cascade can generate density fluctuations and…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-07 E. Vazquez-Semadeni , J. Ballesteros-Paredes , R. S. Klessen

As part of a series of papers aimed at understanding the evolution of the Milky Way's Central Molecular Zone (CMZ), we present hydrodynamical simulations of turbulent molecular clouds orbiting in an accurate model of the gravitational…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2019-04-10 James E. Dale , J. M. Diederik Kruijssen , S. N. Longmore

We examine the effects of self-gravity and magnetic fields on supersonic turbulence in isothermal molecular clouds with high resolution simulations and adaptive mesh refinement. These simulations use large root grids (512^3) to capture…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-04 David Collins , Alexei G. Kritsuk , Paolo Padoan , Hui Li , Hao Xu , Sergey D. Ustyugov , Michael L. Norman

Molecular clouds have broad linewidths suggesting turbulent supersonic motions in the clouds. These motions are usually invoked to explain why molecular clouds take much longer than a free-fall time to form stars. It has classically been…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2011-02-11 Mordecai-Mark Mac Low

We have analyzed the rotational properties of 12 clumps using $^{13}$CO (1--0) and C$^{18}$O (1--0) maps of the Five College Radio Astronomy Observatory 13.7 m radio telescope. The clumps, located within molecular clouds, have radii ($R$)…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2020-08-05 Xuefang Xu , Di Li , Y. Sophia Dai , Paul F. Goldsmith , Gary A. Fuller

A fundamental issue in star formation is understanding the precise mechanisms leading to the formation of prestellar cores, and their subsequent gravitationally unstable evolution. To address this question, we carefully construct a suite of…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2025-05-13 Sanghyuk Moon , Eve C. Ostriker

We present the evolution path of the first core in rotating molecular cloud core and the evolution during the second collapse phase using axisymmetric numerical calculations. The structure and evolution of the rotating first core is…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Kazuya Saigo , Kohji Tomisaka

Recent observations of molecular clouds around rich massive star clusters including NGC3603, Westerlund 2, and M20 revealed that the formation of massive stars could be triggered by a cloud-cloud collision. By using three-dimensional,…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-16 Tsuyoshi Inoue , Yasuo Fukui

We review recent results from numerical simulations and related models of MHD turbulence in the interstellar medium (ISM) and in molecular clouds. We discuss the implications of turbulence for the processes of cloud formation and evolution,…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 E. Vazquez-Semadeni , E. C. Ostriker , T. Passot , C. F. Gammie , J. M. Stone

We leverage recent numerical simulations of highly resolved star-forming regions in a Milky Way-like Galaxy to explore the nature of extended gaseous envelopes around molecular clouds. We extract a sample of two dozen star-forming clouds…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2024-03-06 Elijah Mullens , Catherine Zucker , Claire E. Murray , Rowan Smith

Velocity anisotropy induced by MHD turbulence is investigated using computational simulations and molecular line observations of the Taurus molecular cloud. A new analysis method is presented to evaluate the degree and angle of velocity…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-13 Mark Heyer , Hao Gong , Eve Ostriker , Christopher Brunt

It is generally accepted that CMEs result from eruptions of magnetic flux ropes, which are dubbed as magnetic clouds in interplanetary space. The composition (including the ionic charge states and elemental abundances) is determined prior…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-07-01 Hongqiang Song , Qiang Hu , Xin Cheng , Jie Zhang , Leping Li , Ake Zhao , Bing Wang , Ruisheng Zheng , Yao Chen

Molecular-line observations of star-forming cloud cores indicate that they are not the flattened structures traditionally considered by theory. Rather, they are elongated, perhaps in the direction of their internal magnetic field. We are…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-06 Charles L. Curry , Steven W. Stahler

To understand the formation of a magnetically dominated molecular cloud from an atomic cloud, we study the interaction of a weak, radiative shock with a magnetised cloud. The thermally stable warm atomic cloud is initially in static…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-18 S. Van Loo , S. A. E. G. Falle , T. W. Hartquist