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The formation of the first galaxies during cosmic dawn and reionization (at redshifts $z=5-30$), triggered the last major phase transition of our universe, as hydrogen evolved from cold and neutral to hot and ionized. The 21-cm line of…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2022-03-14 Julian B. Muñoz , Yuxiang Qin , Andrei Mesinger , Steven G. Murray , Bradley Greig , Charlotte Mason

The cosmic dark ages and the epoch of reionization, during which the first generations of stars and galaxies formed, are among the most compelling frontiers of extragalactic astrophysics and cosmology. Here we describe an exciting new probe…

The Dark Ages, probed by the redshifted 21-cm signal, is the ideal epoch for a new rigorous test of the standard LCDM cosmological model. Divergences from that model would indicate new physics, such as dark matter decay (heating) or…

The Epoch of Reionization (EoR) represents a milestone in the evolution of our Universe. Star-forming galaxies that existed during the EoR likely emitted a significant fraction (~5-40%) of their bolometric luminosity as Lyman Alpha (Lya)…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-22 Mark Dijkstra

The cosmic 21 cm signal is set to revolutionise our understanding of the early Universe, allowing us to probe the 3D temperature and ionisation structure of the intergalactic medium (IGM). It will open a window onto the unseen first…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2018-08-22 Bradley Greig , Andrei Mesinger

We are in the golden age for the search for high-redshift galaxies, made possible by a combination of new instruments and innovative search techniques. One of the major aims of such searches is to constrain the epoch of reionization (EoR),…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2015-03-17 Pratika Dayal

Reionization represents an important phase in the history of our Universe when ultraviolet radiation from the first luminous sources, primarily stars and accreting black holes, ionized the neutral hydrogen atoms in the intergalactic medium…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2025-02-18 Anirban Chakraborty , Tirthankar Roy Choudhury

The first light from stars and quasars ended the ``dark ages'' of the universe and led to the reionization of hydrogen by redshift 7. Current observations are at the threshold of probing this epoch. The study of high-redshift sources is…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-10-31 Abraham Loeb , Rennan Barkana

One of the milestones in the cosmic history is the formation of the first luminous objects and Hydrogen reionization. The standard theory of cosmic structure formation predicts that the first generation of stars were born about a few…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2014-07-02 Aravind Natarajan , Naoki Yoshida

The high-redshift 21 cm signal from the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) is a promising observational probe of the early universe. Current- and next-generation radio interferometers such as the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA) and…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2020-08-13 Paul La Plante , Adam Lidz , James Aguirre , Saul Kohn

The Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA) is a new powerful radio-telescope, dedicated to the study of the early universe. Its main goal is to characterise the period of the universe where the first galaxies and stars started to form,…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2016-06-29 Nicolas Fagnoni , Eloy de Lera Acedo

Observations of the high-redshift Universe with the 21 cm hyperfine line of neutral hydrogen promise to open an entirely new window onto the early phases of cosmic structure formation. Here we review the physics of the 21 cm transition,…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-11 Steven Furlanetto , S. Peng Oh , Frank Briggs

The dark age of the universe, when no luminous object had existed, ended with the birth of the first stars, galaxies, and blackholes. This epoch is called cosmic dawn. Cosmic reionization is the major transition of the intergalactic medium…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2023-03-21 Hayato Shimabukuro , Kenji Hasegawa , Akira Kuchinomachi , Hidenobu Yajima , Shintaro Yoshiura

Recent observations have set the first constraints on the epoch of reionization (EoR), corresponding to the formation epoch of the first luminous objects. Studies of Gunn-Peterson (GP) absorption, and related phenomena, suggest a…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2008-11-26 Xiaohui Fan , C. L. Carilli , B. Keating

The redshifted 21-cm signal from the epoch of reionization (EoR) directly probes the ionization and thermal states of the intergalactic medium during that period. In particular, the distribution of the ionized regions around the radiating…

The epoch of reionization probes the state of our universe when the very first stars formed and ionized the hydrogen atoms in the surrounding medium. Since the epoch has not yet been probed observationally, it is often called the "final…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2022-09-20 Tirthankar Roy Choudhury

The nature of the first galaxies that reionized the universe during the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) remains unclear. Attempts to directly determine spectral properties of these early galaxies are affected by both limited photometric…

The upcoming Square Kilometre Array Low Frequency (SKA-Low) interferometer will have the required sensitivity to detect the 21 cm line from neutral hydrogen during the Epoch of Reionisation (EoR). In preparation, we investigated the…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2025-09-25 E. Jong , C. Trott , C. D. Nunhokee , Q. Zheng

In popular cold dark matter cosmological scenarios, stars may have first appeared in significant numbers around a redshift of 10 or so, as the gas within protogalactic halos with virial temperatures in excess of 20,000 K (corresponding to…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Piero Madau

The Epoch of Reionisation (EoR) is the period within which the neutral universe transitioned to an ionised one. This period remains unobserved using low-frequency radio interferometers which target the 21 cm signal of neutral hydrogen…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2021-07-01 J. Kariuki Chege , C. H. Jordan , C. Lynch , J. L. B. Line , C. M. Trott