相关论文: Peanut-shaped bulges in face-on disk galaxies

Objects designated as bulges in disc galaxies do not form a homogeneous class. I distinguish three types. The classical bulges, whose properties are similar to those of ellipticals and which form by collapse or merging. Boxy and peanut…

Boxy/peanut bulges in disk galaxies have been associated to stellar bars. In this talk, we discuss the different properties of such bulges and their relation with the corresponding bar, using a very large sample of a few hundred numerical…

We discuss the formation and evolution of boxy/peanut bulges (B/Ps) and present new simulations results. Orbital structure studies show that B/Ps are parts of bars seen edge-on, they have their origin in vertical instabilities of the disc…

Boxy/peanut bulges in disc galaxies have been associated to stellar bars. We analyse their properties in a large sample of $N$-body simulations, using different methods to measure their strength, shape and possible asymmetry, and then…

We investigated the properties of boxy/peanut-shaped (B/PS) bulges in a sample of 71 galaxies from the Edge-on Galaxies in the Pan-STARRS Survey (EGIPS) and 20 simulated galaxies from Illustris TNG50 using multicomponent photometric…

Barred galaxies have interesting morphological features whose presence and properties set constraints on galactic evolution. Here we examine barlenses, i.e. lens-like components whose extent along the bar major axis is shorter than that of…

Boxy, peanut- or X-shaped "bulges" are observed in a large fraction of barred galaxies viewed in, or close to, edge-on projection, as well as in the Milky Way. They are the product of dynamical instabilities occurring in stellar bars, which…

It has been suggested that the peanut-shaped bulges seen in some edge-on disk galaxies are produced when bars in these galaxies buckle. This paper reviews the modelling which seeks to show how bars buckle, and I present a very simple new…

Vertically thickened bars, observed in the form of boxy/peanut (B/P) bulges, are found in the majority of massive barred disc galaxies in the local Universe, including our own. B/P bulges indicate that their host bars have suffered violent…

Numerical simulations show that box-shaped bulges of edge-on galaxies are not bulges: they are bars seen side-on. Therefore the two components that are seen in edge-on Sb galaxies such as NGC 4565 are a disk and a bar. But face-on SBb…

We investigate Box/Peanut and bar structures in image data of edge-on and face-on nearby galaxies taken from SDSS (Sloan Digital Sky Survey) to present catalogues containing the surface brightness parameters and the morphology…

The majority of massive disk galaxies, including our own, have stellar bars with vertically thick inner regions -- so-called "boxy/peanut-shaped" (B/P) bulges. The most commonly suggested mechanism for the formation of B/P bulges is a…

N-body simulations show that "box-shaped bulges" of edge-on galaxies are not bulges at all: they are bars seen side-on. The two components that we readily see in edge-on Sb galaxies like NGC 4565 are a disk and a bar, but face-on SBb…

Recent theoretical work has implicated fast bar formation modes and subsequent evolution as the creation mechanism for the observed peanut-shaped bulges in some edge-on disk galaxies. We demonstrate an N-body simulation of a disk undergoing…

The Galactic bulge is now considered to be the inner three-dimensional part of the Milky Way's bar. It has a peanut shape and is characterized by cylindrical rotation. In N-body simulations, box/peanut bulges arise from disks through bar…

Boxy/Peanut/X-shaped (B/P/X) bulges are studied using the 3.6 mum images from the Spitzer Survey of Stellar Structure in Galaxies, and the K_s-band images from the Near-IR S0 galaxy Survey. They are compared with the properties of…

Double bars are thought to be important features for secular evolution in the central regions of galaxies. However, observational evidence about their origin and evolution is still scarce. We report on the discovery of the first Box-Peanut…

The vertical profiles of disc galaxies are built by the material trapped around stable periodic orbits, which form their "skeletons". According to this, the knowledge of the stability of the main families of periodic orbits in appropriate…

Inspecting all 1224 edge-on disk galaxies larger than 2' in the RC3 on DSS images we have found several galaxies with extraordinary bulges meeting two criteria: They are box shaped and large in respect to the diameters of their galaxies.…

We use stellar dynamical bulge/disk/halo simulations to study whether barlenses (lens-like structures embedded in the narrow bar component) are just the face-on counterparts of Boxy/Peanut/X-shapes (B/P/X) seen in edge-on bars, or if some…