相关论文: Some Characteristic Parameters of Proton from the …

The total gluon helicity in a polarized proton, measurable in high-energy scattering, is shown to be the large momentum limit of a gauge-invariant but non-local, frame-dependent gluon spin $\vec{E}\times \vec{A}_\perp$ in QCD. This opens a…

We study the polarized gluon distribution $\Delta g(x)$ in a longitudinally polarized proton. We argue that the distribution can be calculated approximately from the quark color currents found in simple quark models. The first result from…

We investigate the mechanical properties of the proton by extracting its flavor-decomposed gravitational form factors (GFFs) using Light-Cone QCD sum rules (LCSR). These form factors encode critical information about the internal dynamics…

In this work, the cross-section of the reaction $\gamma p \rightarrow V(J/\psi,\psi(2S)) p$ from the production threshold to medium energy is studied and systematically analyzed within two gluon exchange model. The obtained numerical…

We discuss the Cottingham formula and evaluate the proton-neutron electromagnetic mass difference exploiting the state-of-the-art phenomenological input. We decompose individual contributions to the mass splitting into Born, inelastic and…

The rest masses of the electron, the muon and of the stable mesons and baryons can be explained, within 1% accuracy, with the standing wave model, which uses only photons, neutrinos, charge and the weak nuclear force. We do not need…

A previously proposed geometric definition of mass in terms of energy, in a geometrical unified theory, is used to obtain a numerical expression for a ratio of masses of geometrical excitations. The resultant geometric ratio is…

Overwhelming experimental evidence for quarks as real physical constituents of hadrons along with the QCD analogs of the Balmer Formula, Bohr Atom and Schroedinger Equation already existed in 1966. A model of colored quarks interacting with…

We review the latest information that is available about the parton distributions of the proton, paying particular attention to the determination of the gluon. We briefly describe the various processes that have been advocated to be a…

Preons are hypothetic constituents of the standard particles. They were initially assumed to have basically similar properties to those of conventional matter. But this is not necessarily the case: the ultimate constituents of matter may…

More than 99% of the mass of the visible universe is made up of protons and neutrons. Both particles are much heavier than their quark and gluon constituents, and the Standard Model of particle physics should explain this difference. We…

In attempting to match QCD with Nature, it is necessary to confront the many complexities of strong, nonlinear dynamics in relativistic quantum field theory, e.g. the loss of particle number conservation, the frame and scale dependence of…

The Cottingham formula expresses the electromagnetic part of the mass of a particle in terms of the virtual Compton scattering amplitude. At large photon momenta, this amplitude is dominated by short distance singularities associated with…

Static properties of hadrons such as their radii and other moments of the electric and magnetic distributions can only be extracted using theoretical methods and not directly measured from experiments. As a result, discrepancies between the…

Using the gauge/gravity duality, we calculate the electromagnetic contributions to hadron masses, where mass generates dynamically by strong QCD interactions. Based on the Sakai-Sugimoto model of holographic QCD we find that the…

We recently proposed a QCD-Pomeron described by the exchange of two non-perturbative gluons characterized by a dynamically generated gluon mass. It is here shown that data on elastic scattering, exclusive $\rho$ production in deep inelastic…

The proton size, specifically its charge radius, was thought known to about 1% accuracy. Now a new method probing the proton with muons instead of electrons finds a radius about 4% smaller, and to boot gives an uncertainty limit of about…

According to general understanding, the proton as one of the main ingredients of the nucleus is composed of one down and two up quarks bound together by gluons, described by Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). In this view, heavy quarks do not…

Hydrogen atom is studied as a quantum-classical hybrid system, where the proton is treated as a classical object while the electron is regarded as a quantum object. We use a well known mean-field approach to describe this hybrid hydrogen…

A broad sample of computed realistic equations of state of superdense matter with quark phase transition is used to construct a series of models neutron stars with a strange quark core. The integral characteristics of the stellar…