相关论文: Kinetic Energy-Based Temperature Computation in No…

Hot-atoms reactions mechanisms bring about reaction rates which are several orders of magnitude higher than those expected in the case of ad-atoms which have thermalized with the surface. This paper addresses the issue of a possible…

The physical quantity "temperature" is a cornerstone of thermodynamics and statistical physics. But it is necessary to mention that very frequently the scientists forget about the conditions to be satisfied in order to introduce…

We study thermal processes in infinite harmonic crystals having a unit cell with arbitrary number of particles. Initially particles have zero displacements and random velocities, corresponding to some initial temperature profile. Our main…

We compare two distincts models of evaporative cooling of a magnetically guided atomic beam: a continuous one, consisting in approximating the atomic distribution function by a truncated equilibrium distribution, and a discrete-step one, in…

A roughly constant temperature over a wide range of densities is maintained in molecular clouds through radiative heating and cooling. An isothermal equation of state is therefore frequently employed in molecular cloud simulations. However,…

Using information entropy formalism, we consider a one-dimensional system with heat flux and extend the meaning of equilibrium variables to non equilibrium scenarios when classical local equilibrium approach is not applicable; this is…

Within the framework of relativistic quantum field theory, a novel method is established which allows to distinguish non-equilibrium states admitting locally a thermodynamic interpretation. The basic idea is to compare these states with…

Temperature determines the relative probability of observing a physical system in an energy state when that system is energetically in equilibrium with its environment. In this paper, we present a theory for engineering the temperature of a…

We derive a simple system of equations to describe the magnetization relaxation of a molecular spin in weak interaction with a thermal bath for the whole temperature domain. Using this for the intermediate temperature domain where the…

'Relativistic thermodynamics' should be understood not as a generalization of a non-relativistic theory but as an application of a general thermodynamic framework, neutral as to spacetime setting and allowing arbitrary conserved quantities,…

Two species of particles in a binary granular system typically do not have the same mean kinetic energy, in contrast to the equipartition of energy required in equilibrium. We investigate the role of the heating mechanism in determining the…

To determine the electron heat flux density on macroscopic scales, the most widely used approach is to solve a diffusion equation through a multi-group technique. This method is however restricted to transport induced by temperature…

We present the derivation of kinetic formulas modeling the microscopic interaction of a charged particle withing a molecular gas under effect of thermal motion. Both elastic and inelastic processes are taken in account. The results were…

The properties of interfaces in non-equilibrium situations are studied by constructing a density matrix with a space-dependent temperature. The temperature gradient gives rise to new terms in the equation for the order parameter. Surface…

We define a proper effective temperature for relativistic nonequilibrium steady states (NESSs). A conventional effective temperature of NESSs is defined from the ratio of the fluctuation to the dissipation. However, NESSs have relative…

We investigate the effect of translational and rotational inertia on motility-induced phase separation in underdamped active dumbbells and identify the emergence of four distinct kinetic temperatures across the coexisting phases-unlike in…

Modeling of process for reaction kinetics is a fashionable subject of publications. The meaning of both the mortality and fertility terms are mathematically analyzed in details involving variation of their power exponents. We developed an…

Continuous particle exchange thermal machines require no time-dependent driving, can be realised in solid-state electronic devices, and miniaturised to nanometre scale. Quantum dots, providing a narrow energy filter and allowing to…

Accurate prediction of electron temperature ($T_{\rm e}$) is critical for non-equilibrium plasma applications ranging from hypersonic flight to plasma-assisted combustion. We recently proposed a thermodynamically consistent model for…

The behaviour of a di-nuclear system in the regime of strong pairing correlations is studied with the methods of statistical mechanics. It is shown that the thermal averaging is strong enough to assure the application of thermodynamical…