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With the arising concerns of privacy within machine learning, federated learning (FL) was invented in 2017, in which the clients, such as mobile devices, train a model and send the update to the centralized server. Choosing clients randomly…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-06-09 Carl Smestad , Jingyue Li

Financial agents powered by large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed for investment analysis, risk assessment, and automated decision-making, where their abilities to plan, invoke tools, and manipulate mutable state introduce…

According to the World Economic Forum, cyber attacks are considered as one of the most important sources of risk to companies and institutions worldwide. Attacks can target the network, software, and/or hardware. During the past years, much…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-08-31 Tara Ghasempouri , Jaan Raik , Cezar Reinbrecht , Said Hamdioui , Mottaqiallah Taouil

Federated learning (FL) systems are susceptible to attacks from malicious actors who might attempt to corrupt the training model through various poisoning attacks. FL also poses new challenges in addressing group bias, such as ensuring fair…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-06-08 Viktor Valadi , Xinchi Qiu , Pedro Porto Buarque de Gusmão , Nicholas D. Lane , Mina Alibeigi

Traditional security analyses are often geared towards cryptographic primitives or protocols. Although such analyses are necessary, they cannot address a defender's need for insight into {\em which aspects of a networked system having a…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2016-03-29 Xiaohu Li , Paul Parker , Shouhuai Xu

We review the current status and research challenges in the area of cyber security often called continuous monitoring and risk scoring (CMRS). We focus on two most salient aspects of CMRS. First, continuous collection of data through…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2015-12-29 Alexander Kott , Curtis Arnold

Ensuring liveness and safety of autonomous and cyber-physical systems remains a fundamental challenge, particularly when multiple safety constraints are present. This letter advances the theoretical foundations of safety-filter Quadratic…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-03-24 Matheus F. Reis , José P. Carvalho , A. Pedro Aguiar

In modern networks, forwarding of packets often depends on the history of previously transmitted traffic. Such networks contain stateful middleboxes, whose forwarding behaviour depends on a mutable internal state. Firewalls and load…

计算机科学中的逻辑 · 计算机科学 2021-06-04 Kalev Alpernas , Aurojit Panda , Alexander Rabinovich , Mooly Sagiv , Scott Shenker , Sharon Shoham , Yaron Velner

Recent trends in the software engineering (i.e., Agile, DevOps) have shortened the development life-cycle limiting resources spent on security analysis of software designs. In this context, architecture models are (often manually) analyzed…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2019-10-09 Katja Tuma , Christian Sandberg , Urban Thorsson , Mathias Widman , Riccardo Scandariato

Machine Learning (ML)-based network intrusion detection systems bring many benefits for enhancing the cybersecurity posture of an organisation. Many systems have been designed and developed in the research community, often achieving a close…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-05-12 Mohanad Sarhan , Siamak Layeghy , Marius Portmann

Large-scale computing systems today are assembled by numerous computing units for massive computational capability needed to solve problems at scale, which enables failures common events in supercomputing scenarios. Considering the…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2019-11-07 Li Tan , Nathan DeBardeleben

The increasing deployment of large language models (LLMs) in the cybersecurity domain underscores the need for effective model selection and evaluation. However, traditional evaluation methods often overlook specific cybersecurity knowledge…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-04-17 Dawei Wang , Geng Zhou , Xianglong Li , Yu Bai , Li Chen , Ting Qin , Jian Sun , Dan Li

At face value, this essay is about understanding a fairly esoteric governance tool called compute thresholds. However, in order to grapple with whether these thresholds will achieve anything, we must first understand how they came to be. To…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-07-31 Sara Hooker

Website Fingerprinting (WF) attacks exploit patterns in encrypted traffic to infer the websites visited by users, posing a serious threat to anonymous communication systems. Although recent WF techniques achieve over 90% accuracy in…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-10-17 Xinhao Deng , Jingyou Chen , Linxiao Yu , Yixiang Zhang , Zhongyi Gu , Changhao Qiu , Xiyuan Zhao , Ke Xu , Qi Li

Despite significant advancement in technology, communication and computational failures are still prevalent in safety-critical engineering applications. Often, networked control systems experience packet dropouts, leading to open-loop…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-01-05 Marc Seidel , Mahathi Anand , Frank Allgöwer

In terms of artificial intelligence, there are several security and privacy deficiencies in the traditional centralized training methods of machine learning models by a server. To address this limitation, federated learning (FL) has been…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-11-29 Yao Chen , Yijie Gui , Hong Lin , Wensheng Gan , Yongdong Wu

Electric power delivery relies on a communications backbone that must be secure. SCADA systems are essential to critical grid functions and include industrial control systems (ICS) protocols such as the Distributed Network Protocol-3…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2023-06-28 Abhijeet Sahu , Patrick Wlazlo , Nastassja Gaudet , Ana Goulart , Edmond Rogers , Katherine Davis

Metrics and frameworks to quantifiably assess security measures have arisen from needs of three distinct research communities - statistical measures from the intrusion detection and prevention literature, evaluation of cyber exercises,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-10-28 Michael D. Iannacone , Robert A. Bridges

In this work, we provide a metric to calculate the most significant software security weaknesses as defined by an aggregate metric of the frequency, exploitability, and impact of related vulnerabilities. The Common Weakness Enumeration…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-04-13 Carlos Cardoso Galhardo , Peter Mell , Irena Bojanova , Assane Gueye

With the exponential growth of cyber-physical systems (CPS), new security challenges have emerged. Various vulnerabilities, threats, attacks, and controls have been introduced for the new generation of CPS. However, there lack a systematic…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2017-01-18 Abdulmalik Humayed , Jingqiang Lin , Fengjun Li , Bo Luo