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From an astrobiological point of view, special attention has been paid to the probability of habitable planets in extrasolar systems. The purpose of this study is to constrain a possible range of the mass of a terrestrial planet that can…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2008-11-26 Masahiro Ikoma , Hidenori Genda

The existence of giant extrasolar planets on short-period orbits ("hot Jupiters") challenges planet formation theories because such planets are difficult to form close to the star. High-eccentricity migration is a leading explanation, in…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2026-03-16 Grant C. Weldon , Bradley M. S. Hansen , Smadar Naoz

Knowing the composition of Jupiter's atmosphere is crucial for constraining Jupiter's bulk metallicity and formation history. Yet, constraining Jupiter's atmospheric water abundance is challenging due to its potential non-uniform…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-10-01 Huazhi Ge , Cheng Li , Xi Zhang , Andrew P. Ingersoll , Sihe Chen

Short period planets are subject to intense energetic irradiations from their stars. It has been shown that this can lead to significant atmospheric mass-loss and create smaller mass planets. Here, we analyse whether the evaporation…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-30 Gwenaël Boué , Pedro Figueira , Alexandre C. M. Correia , Nuno C. Santos

Observations have confirmed the existence of multiple-planet systems containing a hot Jupiter and smaller planetary companions. Examples include WASP-47, Kepler-730, and TOI-1130. We examine the plausibility of forming such systems in situ…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-05-26 Sanson T. S. Poon , Richard P. Nelson , Gavin A. L. Coleman

Recently, gas giant planets in nearly circular orbits with large semimajor axes ($a \sim$ 30--1000AU) have been detected by direct imaging. We have investigated orbital evolution in a formation scenario for such planets, based on core…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-23 A. Kikuchi , A. Higuchi , S. Ida

Similar to Earth, Saturn's largest moon, Titan, possesses a system of high-altitude zonal winds (or jets) that encircle the globe. Using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) in August 2016, Lellouch et al. (2019)…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-06-04 M. A. Cordiner , E. Garcia-Berrios , R. G. Cosentino , N. A. Teanby , C. E. Newman , C. A. Nixon , A. E. Thelen , S. B. Charnley

Observations of the population of cold Jupiter planets ($r>$1 AU) show that nearly all of these planets orbit their host star on eccentric orbits. For planets up to a few Jupiter masses, eccentric orbits are thought to be the outcome of…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2020-11-04 Bertram Bitsch , Trifon Trifonov , Andre Izidoro

Asynchronous rotation and orbital eccentricity lead to time-dependent irradiation of the close-in gas giant exoplanets -- the hot Jupiters. This time-dependent surface heating gives rise to fluid motions which propagate throughout the…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2014-11-20 Phil Arras , Aristotle Socrates

It is widely held that the first step in forming the gas giant planets, such as Jupiter and Saturn, is to form solid `cores' of roughly 10 M$_\oplus$. Getting the cores to form before the solar nebula dissipates ($\sim\!1-10\,$Myr) has been…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-10-09 Harold F. Levison , Katherine A. Kretke , Martin J. Duncan

There are two planetary formation scenarios: core accretion and gravitational disk instability. Based on the fact that gaseous objects are preferentially observed around metal-rich host stars, most extra-solar gaseous objects discovered to…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2019-05-08 Shohei Goda , Taro Matsuo

To understand giant planet formation, we need to focus on host stars close to $1.7\ \rm M_{\odot}$, where the occurrence rate of these planets is the highest. In this initial study, we carry out pebble-driven core accretion planet formation…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-10-30 Heather Johnston , Olja Panic , Beibei Liu

The population of giant planets on short-period orbits can potentially be explained by some flavours of high-eccentricity migration. In this paper we investigate one such mechanism involving "secular chaos", in which secular interactions…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2019-04-17 Jean Teyssandier , Dong Lai , Michelle Vick

Recent studies of solar system formation suggest that the solar system's giant planets formed and migrated in the protoplanetary disk to reach resonant orbits with all planets inside 15 AU from the Sun. After the gas disk's dispersal,…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-30 David Nesvorny

Uranus and Neptune share properties that are distinct from the other giant planets in the solar system, but they are also distinct from one another, particularly in their relative internal heat flux. Not only does Neptune emit about ten…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-11-11 Dustin J. Hill , Krista M. Soderlund , Stephen L. W. McMillan

Since the 1950s, quasi-periodic oscillations have been studied in the terrestrial equatorial stratosphere. Other planets of the solar system present (or are expected to present) such oscillations, like the Jupiter Equatorial…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-08-25 B. Benmahi , T. Cavalié , T. K. Greathouse , V. Hue , R. Giles , S. Guerlet , A. Spiga , R. Cosentino

Tidal heating is often used to interpret "radius anomaly" of hot Jupiters (i.e. radii of a large fraction of hot Jupiters are in excess of 1.2 Jupiter radius which cannot be interpreted by the standard theory of planetary evolution). In…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-02-09 Qiang Hou , Xing Wei

Efforts to characterize extrasolar giant planet (EGP) atmospheres have so far emphasized planets within 0.05 AU of their stars. Despite this focus, known EGPs populate a continuum of orbital separations from canonical hot Jupiter values…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-02-12 Adam P. Showman , Nikole K. Lewis , Jonathan J. Fortney

Planetary rotation rate is a key parameter in determining atmospheric circulation and hence the spatial pattern of clouds. Since clouds can exert a dominant control on planetary radiation balance, rotation rate could be critical for…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2014-04-29 Jun Yang , Gwenael Boue , Daniel C. Fabrycky , Dorian S. Abbot

The origin of close-in giant planets is a key open question in planet formation theory. The two leading models are (i) formation at the outer disk followed by migration and (ii) in situ formation. In this work we determine the atmospheric…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-10-07 Henrik Knierim , Sho Shibata , Ravit Helled