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We present submillimeter observations of 12CO J=3-2 and J=2-1, and 13CO J = 2-1 lines of the Venusian mesosphere and lower thermosphere with the Heinrich Hertz Submillimeter Telescope (HHSMT) taken around the second MESSENGER flyby of Venus…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2008-10-17 M. Rengel , P. Hartogh , C. Jarchow

High spectral resolution observations of Venus were obtained with the TEXES instrument at NASA's Infrared Telescope Facility. These observations focus on a CO$_2$ absorption feature at 791.4 cm$^{-1}$ as the shape of this absorption feature…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-07-26 Rohini S Giles , Thomas K Greathouse , Patrick G J Irwin , Thérèse Encrenaz , Amanda Brecht

The mesosphere of Venus is a critical range of altitudes in which complex temperature variability has been extensively studied by the space mission Venus Express (Vex) during its eight-years mission (2006-2014). Data collected at different…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2016-11-09 C. Pere , P. Tanga , Th. Widemann , Ph. Bendjoya , A. Mahieux , V. Wilquet , A. C. Vandaele

An improved high-resolution ground-to-thermosphere version of the Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace (IPSL) Venus General Circulation Model (VGCM), including non-orographic gravity waves (GW) parameterization and fine-tuned non-LTE parameters,…

Thermal radiation becomes a prominent feature in the continuum spectrum of Venus longwards of $\sim$3 $\mu$m. The emission is traceable to the upper cloud and haze layers in the planet's mesosphere. Venus' thermal radiation spectrum is…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-02-07 A. García Muñoz , P. Wolkenberg , A. Sánchez-Lavega , R. Hueso , I. Garate-Lopez

The dynamics of the upper mesosphere of Venus (~85-115 km) have been characterized as a combination of a retrograde superrotating zonal wind (RSZ) with a subsolar-to-antisolar flow (SSAS). Numerous mm-wave single-dish observations have been…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-04 A. Moullet , E. Lellouch , R. Moreno , M. Gurwell , H. Sagawa

Measuring Venus' atmospheric circulation at different altitudes is important for understanding its complex dynamics, in particular the mechanisms driving the super-rotation. Observationally, Doppler imaging spectroscopy is in principle be…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2019-07-03 Patrick Gaulme , Francois-Xavier Schmider , Thomas Widemann , Ivan Goncalves , Arturo Lopez Ariste , Bernard Gelly

The transit of Venus in 2004 offered the rare possibility to remotely sense a well-known planetary atmosphere using ground-based observations for absorption spectroscopy. Transmission spectra of Venus' atmosphere were obtained in the near…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-28 P. Hedelt , R. Alonso , T. Brown , M. Collados Vera , H. Rauer , H. Schleicher , W. Schmidt , F. Schreier , R. Titz

On 5-6 June 2012, Venus will be transiting the Sun for the last time before 2117. This event is an unique opportunity to assess the feasibility of the atmospheric characterisation of Earth-size exoplanets near the habitable zone with the…

We present the detection and characterisation of mesoscale waves on the lower clouds of Venus using images from the Visible Infrared Thermal Imaging Spectrometer onboard the European Venus Express space mission and from the 2 $\mu$m camera…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-05-19 J. E. Silva , P. Machado , J. Peralta , F. Brasil , S. Lebonnois , M. Lefèvre

This PhD thesis consists on a study of the atmospheric dynamics of the planet Venus with data from two space missions separated in time: the Galileo mission and Venus Express. Concretely, images obtained with different wavelengths have been…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2018-10-15 Javier Peralta

We report Venus image observations around the two maximum elongations of the planet at June and October 2015. From these images we describe the global atmospheric dynamics and cloud morphology in the planet before the arrival of JAXA…

The Venusian atmosphere is covered by clouds with super-rotating winds whose accelerating mechanism is still not well understood. The fastest winds, occurring at the cloud tops ($\sim$70 km height), have been studied for decades thanks to…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2019-03-08 J. Peralta , N. Iwagami , Sánchez-Lavega , Y. J. Lee , R. Hueso , M. Narita , T. Imamura , P. Miles , A. Wesley , E. Kardasis , S. Takagi

We have obtained spatially resolved near-infrared spectroscopy of the Venus nightside on 15 nights over three observing seasons. We use the depth of the CO absorption band at 2.3 microns to map the two-dimensional distribution of CO across…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-28 Daniel V. Cotton , Jeremy Bailey , D. Crisp , V. S. Meadows

One of the most intriguing, long-standing questions regarding Venus' atmosphere is the origin and distribution of the unknown UV-absorber, responsible for the absorption band detected at the near-UV and blue range of Venus' spectrum. In…

The Venusian atmosphere is in a state of superrotation where prevailing westward winds move much faster than the planet's rotation. Venus is covered with thick clouds that extend from about 45 to 70 km altitude, but thermal radiation…

A defining characteristic of the planet Venus is its thick, CO2-dominated atmosphere. Despite over fifty years of robotic exploration, including thirteen successful atmosphere probes and landers, our knowledge of N2, the…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2019-11-15 Patrick N. Peplowski , David J. Lawrence , Jack T. Wilson

The knowledge of the Venus near-surface atmosphere is sparse. Few spacecrafts landed on the surface and measured winds with amplitudes below 1 m/s. The diurnal cycle of the wind amplitude and orientation is not known. Recent numerical…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-10-20 Maxence Lefèvre , Sébastien Lebonnois , Aymeric Spiga , François Forget

The atmosphere of Venus is characterized by strong superrotation, in which the wind velocities at cloud heights are around 60 times faster than the surface rotation rate. The reasons for this strong superrotation are still not well…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2019-02-05 Helen F. Parish , Jonathan L. Mitchell

We present measurements of the wind speeds at the nightside lower clouds of Venus from observations by JAXA's mission Akatsuki during 2016, complemented with new wind measurements from ground-based observations acquired with TNG/NICS in…

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